摘要
目的了解贵阳市学校及托幼机构流感集中性暴发的主要特点,从而为更好地进行针对性防控提供相关的有效依据。方法采用描述流行病学方法分析贵阳市2016-2018年学校和托幼机构流感聚集性疫情。结果学校及托幼机构流感聚集性疫情累计38起,中小学疫情累计35起(92.10%);大学1起(2.63%),托幼机构2起(5.26%)集中在秋、冬两季(占76.32%),流感聚集性疫情病例累计530例,疫情波及人数45329人,罹患率分别是1.55%、1.05%、5.50%,2018年(5.50%)最高。三年均无危重病例、死亡病例。各年度间流感聚集性疫情病例罹患率差异有统计学意义(χ2=32.156,P<0.05)。结论学校及托幼机构是流感聚集性疫情高发场所,应加强校园日常管理。流感聚集性疫情要做到早发现、早报告、早处理,并通过宣传教育培养良好卫生习惯,接种流感疫苗来提升人群免疫水平。
Objective To understand the main characteristics of concentrated outbreak of influenza in schools and childcare institutions in Guiyang city,so as to provide relevant effective basis for better targeted prevention and control.Methods Descriptive epidemiological methods were used to analyze the influenza cluster outbreaks in schools and childcare institutions in the city from 2016 to 2018.Results A total of 38 influenza outbreaks occurred in schools and nurseries,35 occurred in primary and secondary schools(92.10%).There were 1 case in university(2.63%)and 2 cases in childcare institutions(5.26%).The outbreaks were concentrated in autumn and winter(76.32%).There were 530 cases of influenza cluster epidemic.45329 people were affected by the epidemic,and the incidence rate was 1.55%,1.05%and 5.50%,in 2016-2018,respectively.The highest incidence was in 2018(5.50%).No critical cases or deaths occurred in the past three years.There were statistically significant differences in the incidence rate of influenza cluster cases(χ2=32.156,P<0.05)among different years.Conclusion Schools and nurseries are places with high incidence of influenza cluster.Early detection,early reporting and early treatment of influenza cluster outbreaks should be carried out,and good health habits should be cultivated through publicity and education.Influenza vaccination should be given to improve the immune level of the population.
作者
王玉
杨汶桢
严威敏
WANG Yu;YANG Wen Zhen;YAN Wei Min(Guiyang Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Guiyang,Guizhou 550004)
出处
《中国妇幼卫生杂志》
2019年第6期59-62,共4页
Chinese Journal of Women and Children Health
关键词
学校
托幼机构
流感
聚集性
疫情
school
nursery
influenza
agglomeration
epidemic situation
