摘要
采用水蒸馏法、亚临界法和超临界法提取挥发油,并利用气相色谱-质谱(GC-MS)技术分析了3种方法提取的姜挥发油的化学成分,并对张良姜挥发油的数据进行了分析和评价。结果表明,3种方法提取的干姜和生姜精油共鉴定出39种成分,占总挥发油的94.5%~99.9%,所得主成分及含量各有差异,其中水蒸馏法提取的水芹烯、莰烯、姜烯、柠檬醛含量较高,占比60%~70%,而超临界和亚临界方法提取的姜黄烯、姜烯、法尼烯和倍半水芹烯含量较高,占比高达80%~90%。首次比较了不同方法提取豫产张良姜挥发油的化学成分,确定水蒸馏法提取成分较多,主成分也较多,但挥发油得率较低,含量也与超临界和亚临界提取有较大差异;而亚临界提取姜挥发油得率较高,且工艺简单,质量稳定,但是差异化学成分能否导致药理作用的差异还有待进一步研究。
Water distillation,supercritical and subcritical methods were used to extract volatile oils from fresh ginger and dried ginger,and the yield and chemical composition of volatile oil from ginger extracted by several methods were analyzed and evaluated by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry(GC-MS).The procedure allowed the identification of 39 components among three methods,representing 94.5%to 99.9%of the total oil extracted.Among them,the contents of phellandene,terpene,zingiberene,and citral extracted by water distillation were higher,accounting for 60%~70%,while the contents of curcumene,zingiberene,farnesene,and sesquipene extracted from the supercritical and subcritical methods were higher,accounting for up to 80%~90%.The chemical components of volatile oil extracted from Zhangliang ginger by different methods were compared for the first time,and it was determined that there were many more components and main components extracted by water distillation,but the yield of volatile oil was lower,and the content was also significantly different from supercritical and subcritical extraction.The volatile oil of ginger extracted with subcritical method had high yield,simple process and stable quality.However,it remains to be further research whether the differential components can lead to differences in pharmacological effects.
作者
李智宁
李晓
李自红
王学方
范毅
马艳妮
魏悦
LI Zhi-ning;LI Xiao;LI Zi-hong;WANG Xue-fang;FAN Yi;MA Yan-ni;WEI Yue(Biotechnology Developing Center of Henan Academy of Sciences/Henan Ke Gao Zhong bid Testing Technology Co.,Ltd.,Zhengzhou 450002,China)
出处
《湖北农业科学》
2019年第23期189-192,257,共5页
Hubei Agricultural Sciences
基金
河南省科学院科研开发项目（18KF13003
190613033
18JK16014)
关键词
张良姜
水蒸馏
超临界
亚临界
GC-MS
Zhangliang ginger
water distillation extraction
supercritical fluid extraction
subcritical extraction
GC-MS
