摘要
【目的】对贵州常用玉米自交系进行丝黑穗病抗性鉴定、主要农艺性状评价及SSR遗传多样性分析,为贵州玉米的抗丝黑穗病基因挖掘及优质抗性种质资源创建提供参考依据。【方法】以10份贵州常用玉米自交系材料为研究对象,于2016—2017年分别在贵州安顺市平坝实验基地及贵阳市花溪区贵州大学鱼塘教学试验场进行丝黑穗病抗性鉴定;采用136对条带清晰、重复性好的SSR分子标记对供试材料进行PCR扩增检测,并运用POPGENE 32和NTSYS-2.10e进行遗传多样性和聚类分析。【结果】连续两年两地的玉米丝黑穗病抗性鉴定结果表明,自交系T32和齐319表现为稳定高抗,感病率为0;自交系J51和J106表现为高感,平均感病率分别为64.18%和48.62%,其余6个自交系表现为感病。10份贵州常用玉米自交系材料在贵州地区均能正常成熟,其中以T32的综合表现较突出,为贵州优势种质材料,J51、J106和双M9次之,齐319的表现相对较差。136对SSR分子标记从10份贵州常用玉米自交系材料中共检测到567个等位基因,平均为4.17个;Nei’s基因多样性指数(H)为0.180~0.500,平均为0.328;多态性信息量(PIC)为0.150~0.920,平均为0.656;多态性最好的SSR分子标记为umc1795。以相似系数0.658为界,10份贵州常用玉米自交系可划分为三大类:类群Ⅰ包括苏11、T32、S37和双M9,均具有热带血缘;类群Ⅱ包括齐319、J106、HC、郑58和QL16,均具有温带血缘;类群Ⅲ为贵州地方种质J51。【结论】贵州常用玉米自交系材料具有较广泛的遗传基础,可满足玉米育种对亲本遗传差异的基本要求。尤其是自交系T32高抗玉米丝黑穗病且在贵州山区具有良好的适应性,为热带血缘Suwan选系,明显区别于改良Reid选系、先锋选系、美国杂交种选系及贵州地方种质,可优先用于贵州地区抗丝黑穗病基因发掘、杂交种改良及优良抗性种质资源创建。
【Objective】To analyze the identification of head smut resistance,evaluation of main agronomic traits and analysis of SSR genetic diversity of common maize inbred lines in Guizhou,and to provide a reference basis for head smut resistance gene mining and breeding of high-quality resistance germplasm resources of maize in Guizhou.【Method】Taking 10 copies of Guizhou common maize inbred lines as research objects,the resistance identification test for head smut was performed at the Pingba Experimental Base in Anshun,Guizhou,and the fish pond teaching experimental field of Guizhou University,Huaxi District,Guiyang from 2016 to 2017.A total of 136 pairs of SSR molecular markers with clear and reproducible bands were used for PCR amplification of test materials.Genetic diversity and cluster analysis were performed by POPGENE 32 and NTSYS-2.10e.【Result】The identification of head smut resistance in two places for two consecutive years showed that inbred lines T32 and Qi 319 showed stable high resistance with a susceptibility rate of 0;inbred lines J51 and J106 showed high susceptibility with susceptibility rates of 64.18%and 48.62%,and the other six inbred lines showed susceptibility.The analysis of main agronomic traits showed that all of the tested materials could grow in Guizhou mountainous area,among which inbred line T32 was the best,followed by J51,J106 and Shuang M9,and Qi 319 was the worst.Genetic diversity analysis showed that 567 alleles were detected in 10 maize materials with 136 pairs of SSR markers,averaging 4.17 alleles,Nei’s gene diversity index(H)was 0.328 on average,ranging from 0.180 to 0.500.Polymorphism information quantity(PIC)was 0.656 on average,ranging from 0.150 to 0.920.The umc1795 polymorphism was the best SSR marker.Taking the similarity coefficient of 0.658 as the boundary,10 copies of Guizhou common maize inbred lines could be divided into three major groups:Group I included Su 11,T32,S37 and Shuang M9,all of which had tropical genetics;group II included Qi 319,J106,HC,Zheng 58 and QL16,they had temperate zone genetics;and group III was Guizhou local germplasm J51.【Conclusion】The common maize inbred line materials in Guizhou have a broad genetic basis,which can meet the basic requirements for genetic differences of parents in maize breeding;The inbred line T32 is highly resistant to maize head smut and has good adaptability in the mountainous areas of Guizhou.It is a tropical Suwan line,which is different from the improved Reid line,Pioneer line,American hybrid line and Guizhou local germplasm.It can be preferentially used for the identification of head smut resistance genes,improvement of hybrids and creation of excellent resistant germplasm resources in Guizhou.
作者
谭康
李春红
杨梅
申涛
邱红波
TAN Kang;LI Chun-hong;YANG Mei;SHEN Tao;QIU Hong-bo(College of Agriculture,Guizhou University,Guiyang 550025,China)
出处
《南方农业学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2019年第11期2384-2391,共8页
Journal of Southern Agriculture
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(31460384)
贵州省科技合作计划项目(黔科合LH字[2015]7671号)
贵州大学博士基金启动项目(贵大人基合字[2013]27号)
关键词
玉米
自交系
丝黑穗病
SSR分子标记
抗性鉴定
贵州
maize
inbred lines
head smut
SSR molecular marker
resistance identification
Guizhou
