摘要
目前,我国支气管哮喘患病率逐年增长,控制哮喘发病率及缓解哮喘发作的任务迫在眉睫。穴位贴敷、穴位埋线、自血疗法、针灸疗法、拔罐疗法等中医外治法在支气管哮喘的治疗中发挥着不可替代的作用,能够不同程度缓解症状,有效控制哮喘急性发作,减少发作次数,不良反应小,疗效显著。但是,外治疗法虽取得了明显效果,却仍存在一系列问题:①缺乏统一的治疗标准,对其作用机理的研究尚不深入、不明确;②对于穴位的选择、用药组方、计量和配比过于随意,施治时间不固定;③对于哮喘急性发作期的研究较少,不便于全面评估外治法的有效性;④对随访的关注甚少;⑤文献中未见提及各种疗法可能会产生的不良反应;⑥临床实验集中于对Th1/Th2细胞比例失衡的研究,较少涉及气道嗜酸粒细胞凋亡、活化、分化和黏液高分泌等方面。因此今后需进一步了解外治疗法的种类,按照中医辨证分型固定基础用穴,随症加减;规范操作方法,制定中医标准,借鉴现代医学的研究方法和思路具体阐述应用机制,以形成规范的临床诊治措施;纳入急性加重期的患者,应在遵循全球哮喘防治创议治疗方案的基础上联合外治法全面评估各发病阶段的临床疗效;加强定期随访,以评价外治疗法的远期疗效;针对各种疗法所产生的不良反应,制定全面的应对措施等。
At present,the prevalence of bronchial asthma in China is increasing year by year,and the task of controlling the incidence of asthma and alleviating asthma attacks is imminent.Acupoint application,acupoint embedding,autologous therapy,acupuncture therapy,cupping therapy and other traditional Chinese medicine treatments play an irreplaceable role in the treatment of bronchial asthma,can relieve symptoms in different degrees,effectively control acute asthma attacks,reduce the number of episodes The side effects are small and the curative effect is remarkable.However,although the external treatment has achieved obvious results,there are still a series of problems:1 lack of uniform external treatment standard,the mechanism of its action is not deep and unclear;2 for the selection of acupoints,medication prescription,The measurement and ratio are too random,the treatment time is not fixed;3 there are few studies on acute asthma attack,it is not convenient to comprehensively evaluate the effectiveness of external treatment;4 little attention to follow-up;5 no mention in the literature Various therapies may cause adverse reactions;6 clinical trials focus on the imbalance of Th1/Th2 cell ratio,less on airway eosinophil apoptosis,activation,differentiation and mucus hypersecretion.Therefore,in the future,we need to further understand the types of external treatment methods,fix the basic acupoints according to TCM syndrome differentiation,add and subtract according to the symptoms;standardize the operation methods,formulate Chinese medicine standards,and draw on the research methods and ideas of modern medicine to elaborate the application mechanism to form the norms.Clinical diagnosis and treatment measures;patients with acute exacerbation period,based on the Global Initiative for Asthma(GINA)treatment program,combined with external treatment to comprehensively assess the clinical efficacy of each stage of the disease;strengthen regular follow-up to evaluate outside The long-term efficacy of the treatment;comprehensive response measures for various adverse reactions.
作者
冯天骄
武蕾
侯硕
赵丹
FENG Tianjiao;WU Lei;HU Shuo;ZHADan(Hebei University of Chinese Medicine,Shijiazhuang Hebei China 050091;Affiliated Hospital of Hebei College of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Shijiazhuang Hebei China 050011)
出处
《中医学报》
CAS
2019年第12期2563-2569,共7页
Acta Chinese Medicine
基金
河北省人民政府资助临床医学优秀人才培养项目(2015054965)
河北省省级中医药类重大医学科研项目(zyzd-2013001)
关键词
支气管哮喘
外治疗法
穴位贴敷
穴位埋线
自血疗法
针灸疗法
拔罐疗法
bronchial asthma
external treatment
acupoint application
acupoint embedding
self-blood therapy
acupuncture therapy
cupping therapy
