摘要
以橡胶树优良品种热研73397的扩散过程为例,将品种扩散过程分为认知、采用和采用比例3个阶段,重点分析地域差异对品种扩散各阶段的影响。运用海南省7个市县的入户调查数据,构建二元Logistic模型和多元线性回归模型,分析核心变量(民族和所在市县)以及农户人格特征和家庭禀赋等控制变量对橡胶树优良品种扩散过程的影响。结果表明:(1)在品种认知和采用阶段受民族身份影响较大,汉族种植户在品种认知和采用方面均优于黎族等少数民族种植户,但采用比例则并不表现出明显的民族差异。(2)所在市县与农户的品种认知、品种采用和品种采用比例均有显著正相关,说明空间距离对技术扩散的正向影响,越靠近品种发源地,越有利于新品种的扩散。(3)在品种认知阶段,种植规模大、家庭有村干部的农户家庭对品种认知程度更高,技术培训有利于提高农户的品种认知。品种采用阶段,地块数量对农户决策影响较大,地块数量多的农户采用新品种的可能性更大。品种采用比例分析阶段,家庭禀赋对采用比例影响更大,橡胶收入占家庭收入比重大的农户采用比例更高,而地块数量多则不利于品种采用比例的提升。橡胶树品种扩散过程中,应根据各阶段特点,因地制宜进行技术推广。
The diffusion process of desirable hevea clone Reyan 73397 was used to analyze the impact of regional differences on the hevea clone diffusion process after the breaking of the diffusion process into 3 stages,cognition,adoption and proportion.The household survey data from 7 counties/cities in Hainan Province were used to establish binary logistic model and multiple linear regression models for analysis of the impact of the core variables(ethnic groups and counties/cities)and the control variables such as household personality characteristics and family endowments on the diffusion process of the desirable hevea clone.The results showed that Han nationality rubber growers were better in cognition and adoption of the hevea clone than ethnic minority growers such as Li nationality,but the proportion did not show obvious ethnic differences.The variable county/city had a significant positive correlation with the cognition,adoption and proportion of the hevea clone,indicating that the spatial distance has a positive impact on the diffusion of a new hevea clone.The new hevea clone had a better diffusion in the county/city which was closer to the place of the original owner of the new clone.In addition,in the stage of cognition of the hevea clone,households with large planting scale and village cadres had a higher awareness of the hevea clone.Technical training was conducive to raising farmers'cognition.While in the stage of adoption,the number of land lots had a greater impact on farmers'decision-making.Farmers with a large number of land lots were more likely to adopt the new clone.In the proportion analysis stage,the household endowment had a greater impact on the adoption proportion of the hevea clone,and the households whose rubber income accounted for a large proportion of household income has a higher adoption proportion of the hevea clone.The higher number of land lots was not conducive to the increase in the proportion of adoption of the hevea clone.In the diffusion process of the hevea clone,technical promotion should be carried out according to the characteristics of each stage.
作者
何长辉
刘锐金
HE Changhui;LIU Ruijin(Rubber Research Institute,CATAS/State Key Laboratory Incubation Base for Cultivation&Physiology of Tropical Crops,Haikou,Hainan 571101)
出处
《热带农业科学》
2019年第11期1-10,共10页
Chinese Journal of Tropical Agriculture
基金
中国热带农业科学院基本科研业务费专项（No.1630022019003、No.1630022019009）
天然橡胶生产国联合会工作及国内外生产监测
海南省自然科学基金（No.20167258）
海南省重点研发计划软科学方向（No.ZDYF2016201）
关键词
橡胶树
优良品种
民族
空间距离
技术扩散
rubber tree
desirable clone
ethnic
spatial distance
technology diffusion
