摘要
【目的】本文研究了催芽温度对马铃薯生产和结薯的影响。【方法】通过设置1.5、10~15℃(室温)、20℃3种温度,进行播种前催芽处理。【结果】种薯萌芽速度随催芽温度升高而加快,催芽结束时,室温和20℃催芽处理,芽粗、芽长、芽数都显著高于1.5℃处理;种薯萌芽过程中,ABA含量呈下降趋势,催芽温度越高,下降速度越快,而IAA、CTK和GA含量整体呈上升趋势;播种出苗后,催芽温度越高,主茎数越多,但茎粗也越低;株高在植株生长前期随催芽温度增加而提高,在植株生长后期催芽温度越高,株高越低;室温和20℃催芽处理鲜薯产量分别较1.5℃催芽处理提高15.3%、15.6%,单株结薯数分别提高18.8%和23.9%,同时≥90 g薯块比例减少,30~60 g薯块比例增加,但并未对商品薯率产生显著影响。【结论】播种前适当提高催芽温度可以提高群体数量,增加结薯个数,增加产量,改变薯块大小分布。
【Objective】This paper aimed to study the effects of germination temperature on potato production and tuberization.【Method】At Jintang county of Sichuan,three germination temperature levels such as 1.5,10-15(room temperature)and 20℃were used in this experiment before sowing.【Result】With the increasing of germination temperature,the germination speed of seed potato increased.At the end of germination,the bud diameter,bud length and bud number of treatment room temperature and 20℃were significantly higher than that of treatment 1.5℃.During the sprouting period of seed tuber,ABA content was a decreasing trend,and the descending speed was faster with the increasing of germination temperature,but the content of IAA,CTK and GA increased totally during the sprouting period of seed tuber.After seedling,the higher germination temperature was,the more stem number was,and the lower stem diameter.At the early growth stage,the plant height increased with the increasing of germination temperature while at the later growth stage,the plant height was opposite.Compared with treatment 1.5℃,the fresh yield of treatment of room temperature and 20℃was increased by 15.3%and 15.6%while the tuber number per plant of that was increased by 18.8%and 23.9%,respectively.At the same time,the proportion of tuber that≥90 g decreased,and the proportion of 30-60 g tuber increased,but there was no significant effect on commodity potato rate.【Conclusion】Properly increasing the germination temperature of purple potato before sowing would improve the population number,increase tuber number and yield,and change the tuber size distribution.
作者
黄涛
梅猛
沈学善
屈会娟
杨勇
杨铮
余丽萍
王西瑶
HUANG Tao;MEI Meng;SHEN Xue-shan;QU Hui-juan;YANG Yong;YANG Zheng;YU Li-ping;WANG Xi-yao(College of Agronomy,Sichuan Agricultural University,Sichuan Wenjiang 611130,China;Soil and Fertilizer Institute,Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environment in Southwest Mountain Areas of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Sichuan Chengdu 610066,China;Institute of Biotechnology and Nuclear Technology,Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Sichuan Chengdu 610066,China)
出处
《西南农业学报》
CSCD
北大核心
2019年第12期2752-2757,共6页
Southwest China Journal of Agricultural Sciences
基金
四川省应用基础研究项目“扶贫高效作物紫色马铃薯‘单茎’的形成机理及其破除途径研究”(2018JY0626)
四川省财政创新能力提升专项“紫色薯专用新品种提质增效生产技术研究”(2016GYSH-027)
“十三五”四川省农作物及畜禽育种攻关“突破性粮油作物新品种提质增效关键栽培技术研究与示范”(2016NZ0098-24)
四川薯类创新团队项目(川农业函[2014]91号)
关键词
马铃薯
温度
群体
结薯
Potato
Temperature
Population
Tuberization
