摘要
大菱鲆(Scophthalmus maximus)是我国北方的重要经济鱼种,为研究运输胁迫对大菱鲆生理免疫的影响,并确定大菱鲆的优选运输方案,采用体长为4.65±1cm(幼体组)和14.50±1cm(成体组)2种规格的大菱鲆为研究对象,在实验室模拟运输条件,分析其非特异性免疫、呼吸排泄及死亡率变化,并探究活鱼苗运输的优选方案,结果显示:(1)过氧化氢酶(CAT)、碱性磷酸酶(AKP)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、溶菌酶(LZM)呈现降低趋势并明显低于对照组,随着模拟运输中温度的升高、密度的增加和震动强度的增加而降低,谷草转氨酶(GOT)、谷丙转氨酶(GPT)、丙二醛(MDA)呈现升高趋势并明显高于对照组,随着模拟运输中温度的升高、密度的增加和震动强度的增加而升高;(2)大小2种规格的大菱鲆在运输胁迫下表现出了不同的免疫能力,幼体组中的GOT、GPT、SOD、MDA的表现优于成体组,成体组中的CAT、AKP、LZM优于幼体组;(3)耗氧率和排氨率随着模拟运输中温度的升高、密度的增加和震动强度的增加而升高,幼体组的耗氧率和排氨率的升高程度要低于成体组;(4)实验结束后的幼体组与成体组大菱鲆死亡率均随时间变化先升高后降低,在实验结束时的死亡率极低,而在0~24h死亡率达总死亡率的50%以上,24~48h内的死亡率又开始下降。随着模拟运输中温度的升高、密度的增加和震动强度的增加,2种规格的大菱鲆的总死亡率呈现上升趋势,成体组的总死亡率的升高程度要低于幼体组;(5)通过正交实验极差分析法得出综合考虑成本及运输效果前提下,幼体组与成体组大菱鲆的优选运输方案均为A1B1C2,即温度为15℃、密度为ind·L^-1、震动强度为200RPM。
Turbot(Scophthalmus maximus)is an important economic fish species in the north of China. In order to study the effect of transportation stress on the physiological immunity of turbot,and to determine the optimal transportation scheme of turbot,the turbot with the body length of 4.65±1 cm(juvenile group)and 14.50±1 cm(adult group)was used as the research object,and the transportation conditions were simulated in the laboratory,and explore the optimal transportation plan,analyze the changes in non-specific immunity,respiratory excretion and mortality,the results show:(1)CAT,AKP,SOD,LZM showed a decreasing trend and were significantly lower than those of the control group. With the increase of temperature,density and vibration intensity during simulated transportation,GOT,GPT,MDA showed an increasing trend It is significantly higher than the control group,and increases with the increase in temperature,density,and vibration intensity during simulated transportation;(2)Two groups of turbot showed different immune abilities under transportation stress. The performance of GOT,GPT,SOD,and MDA in the juvenile group was better than that in the adult group. CAT,AKP,LZM in the adult group Better than juvenile group;(3)The oxygen consumption rate and ammonia excretion rate increase with the increase of temperature,density,and vibration intensity during the simulated transport,and the increase of the oxygen consumption rate and ammonia excretion rate of the juvenile group is lower than Adult group;(4)After the experiment,the mortality of juvenile and adult turbot increased and then decreased with time. The mortality at the end of the experiment was extremely low,and the mortality reached 0-24 hours. More than half,the mortality rate within 24-48 hours began to decline again.With the increase of temperature,density and vibration intensity in simulated transportation,the total mortality rate of turbot with two specifications showed an increasing trend,and the increase of total mortality rate in the adult group was lower than that in the juvenile group;(5)Based on the orthogonal experimental range analysis method,it is concluded that the preferred transportation schemes for juvenile and adult groups of turbot are A1B1C2 under the premise of comprehensive consideration of cost and transportation effect,that is,the temperature is 15 ℃,the density is 40 ind·L^-1,the vibration intensity is 200 RPM.
作者
马壮
田涛
吴忠鑫
杨军
刘敏
高东奎
黄帅
卫力博
史航
Ma Zhuang(Center for Marine Ranching Engineering Science Research of Liaoning Province,Dalian Ocean University,Dalian 116023,China)
出处
《安徽农学通报》
2020年第4期74-83,共10页
Anhui Agricultural Science Bulletin
基金
辽宁省中央引导地方科技发展专项(2019416033)
农业部“引进国际先进农业科学技术”重点项目(2011-G29)
辽宁省科技攻关计划(2015103021)
关键词
大菱鲆
非特异性免疫
运输胁迫
温度
密度
震动强度
Scophthalmus maximus
Non-specific immunity
Transport stress
Temperature
Density
Vibration intensity
