摘要
城市交通系统中居民出行需求时空分布高度不均衡,为合理调节交通供需带来巨大挑战。供需不均衡是引发高峰时段交通拥堵的重要原因,造成大量的时间及资源损耗。预约出行的意义在于提前掌握出行需求,调整供给策略,并在需求集中时段,对存在弹性空间的出行需求进行调节,促进交通供需动态平衡,从而改善拥堵现象。北京市回龙观地区的预约实践验证了调节个体出发时刻对缓解交通拥堵的效果。即使在参与用户比例不高的情况下,高峰时段的出行者调整出发时刻也会对缓解拥堵产生一定正向效应。预约出行为城市交通治理提供了新思路,将成为未来城市交通发展的新模式。
The spatial and temporal distribution of residents'travel demand in urban transportation system is highly imbalanced,which imposes huge challenges to the reasonable adjustment of transportation supply and demand.The imbalance between supply and demand is the key reason that triggers traffic congestion during peak hours,and leads to large number of time and resource losses.The significance of travel reservation is to master travel demands early,adjust the supply strategies,and regulate travel demands with elastic space during the demand concentrated period,so as to promote the dynamic balance of traffic supply and demand,thus alleviate traffic congestion.The travel reservation practice of Huilongguan Sub-district of Beijing has verified the effect of adjusting the individual travel time on relieving traffic congestion.Even when the proportion of participating users is not high,the adjustment of travel time by travelers during peak hours will also generate certain positive effect on the alleviation of peak congestion.Travel reservation provides a new idea for urban transportation management and will become a new model for urban transportation development in the future.
作者
郭继孚
刁晶晶
王倩
缐凯
张磊
周学松
Guo Jifu;Diao Jingjing;Wang Qian;Xian Kai;Zhang Lei;Zhou Xuesong(Beijing Transport Institute,Beijing 100073,China;Beijing International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Urban Transport,Beijing 100073,China;Beijing Key Laboratory of Urban Transport Operation Simulation and Decision Support,Beijing 100073,China;National Transportation Center,Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering,University of Maryland,College Park MD 20742,USA;Arizona State University,Phenix City AZ 36870,USA)
出处
《城市交通》
2020年第1期75-82,共8页
Urban Transport of China
基金
国家重点研发计划“大规模网联车辆协同服务平台”(2018YFB1600700)
关键词
供需平衡
预约出行
时刻表
拥堵时长
北京市
supply-demand balance
travel reservation
time table
time stuck in traffic
Beijing
