摘要
目的:分析2009~2018年佳木斯市甲型肝炎、戊型肝炎发病特征,为防控措施制定提供依据。方法:对相关数据进行统计学分析,组间比较(率)使用检验,检验水准为P<0.01有统计学意义,阐明甲肝、戊肝发病特征以及可能影响因素。结果:2009~2018年佳木斯市甲肝报告发病214例,年均发病率0.86/10万,戊肝报告发病382例,年均发病率1.53/10万。10年间,甲肝发病率降低了85.12%,差异具有统计学意义(54.65,P<0.01),戊肝发病率降低了78.52%,差异具有统计学意义(137.86,P<0.01)。不同地区甲肝、戊肝年均发病率差异均较大(P<0.01),35~50岁年龄组甲肝、戊肝发病占比均最高,分别为41.12%和46.87%(P<0.01)。农民是甲肝、戊肝发病占比最高的群体(P<0.01)。戊肝具有明显季节性特征。结论:中、壮年农民、家务及待业、离退人员是甲肝、戊肝防控的重点人群,沿江县区是防控的重点区域。提高甲肝、戊肝疫苗接种率,开展针对性健康宣传,培养良好卫生习惯,深化改水、改厕,可以有效降低甲肝、戊肝发病率。
Objective:To analyze the characteristics of hepatitis a and hepatitis e in jiamusi city from 2009 to 2018,and to provide evidence for the development of prevention and control measures.Methods:Statistical analysis was performed on the relevant data,and the rate(%)was used for inter-group comparison.Two test was performed,and P<0.01 was considered as statistically significant,to clarify the characteristics of hepatitis a and hepatitis e and the possible influencing factors.Results:From 2009 to 2018,214 cases of hepatitis a were reported in jiamusi city,with an average annual incidence of 0.86/100,000 and 382 cases of hepatitis e,with an average annual incidence of 1.53/100,000.During the 10 years,the incidence of hepatitis a decreased by 85.12%(χ2=54.65,P<0.01)and the incidence of hepatitis e decreased by 78.52%(χ2=137.86,P<0.01).The average annual incidence of hepatitis a and hepatitis e was significantly different in different regions(P<0.01),and the incidence of hepatitis a and hepatitis e was the highest in the 35~50 age group(41.12%and 46.87%,respectively)(P<0.01).Farmers had the highest incidence of hepatitis a and hepatitis e(P<0.01).Liver e has obvious seasonal characteristics.Conclusion:Middle-aged and middle-aged farmers,household and unemployed people,retired people are the key population of the prevention and control of hepatitis a and hepatitis e,and the county along the river is the key area for prevention and control.Raising the vaccination rate of hepatitis a and hepatitis e,carrying out targeted health publicity,cultivating good hygiene habits,and deepening water and toilet improvement can effectively reduce the incidence of hepatitis a and hepatitis e.
作者
陆子春
蒋一
LU Zichun;Jiang Yi(Jiamusi Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Jiamusi 154007, China)
出处
《黑龙江医药科学》
2019年第6期84-87,共4页
Heilongjiang Medicine and Pharmacy
关键词
甲肝
戊肝
发病特征
影响因素
hepatitis a
hepatitis e
pathogenesis characteristics
factors affecting the
