摘要
目的:探讨不同踝关节稳定程度对侧跳落地缓冲时姿势稳定策略与神经肌肉控制的影响。方法:36名男性大学高水平运动员为受试者,按照踝关节不稳定程度分为12人健康组(CON)、12人隐患组(LAT)和12人不稳定组(CAI),以随机顺序执行4次单足连续侧跳动作,涉及外侧侧向跳动作(SHL)与内侧侧向跳动作(SHM)。使用VICON三维动作捕捉系统、KISTLER测力板与DELSYS无线表面肌电收集下肢生物力学参数;使用独立样本单因子方差分析(one-way ANOVA)比较各组在起跳后落地5个阶段的下肢关节运动学参数、动力学参数及肌肉激活水平。结果:1)下肢矢状面肌群激活程度与踝关节肌肉共同收缩率,对CAI组的动态姿势稳定扮演重要角色,以SHL落地的踝关节外翻动作能降低踝关节内翻扭伤风险;2)在SHL落地模式下,CAI组髋关节内收动作可能会引起踝关节内翻动作,侧跳落地的踝关节内翻角速度出现较早且快速的特征是CAI组反复扭伤的关键;3)踝关节策略主要影响压力中心(COP)参数,髋关节策略则能改变质量中心(COM);CON组侧跳的落地缓冲与姿势控制能力不及CAI稳定;SHM落地模式是踝关节内翻扭伤的高风险动作。结论:CAI组运动员即便在扭伤康复后,仍存在再次扭伤的可能,可针对踝关节活动范围与神经肌肉控制进行强化与训练,避免反复损伤。
Purpose: The aim of this study was to explore the influence of different ankle stability on posture stabilization strategy and neuromuscular control of continuous side-hop during landing and buffering. Methods: Thirty-six high-level male college athletes were selected as participants. According to the degree of ankle instability, 12 of the participants were classified as CON group, 12 as LAT group and 12 as CAI group. Participants were asked to perform 4 consecutive side hops followed with single-leg landing, and it involvedside hop-lateral(SHL) and side hop-medial(SHM). The biomechanical parameters of lower extremities were collected by VICON three-dimensional motion capture system, KISTLER force plate and DELSYS wireless surface electromyography. One-way ANOVA was used to compare the kinematics parameters, dynamic parameters and muscle activation level of the lower extremity joints of each group at five landing phases after takeoff. Results: 1) The lower limb sagittal working muscles contractedtogether with the ankle muscles, which played an important role in the dynamic postural stability of CAI. The ankle valgus movement landed by SHL couldreduce the risk of ankle varus sprain. 2) In SHL landing mode, adduction of CAI hip joint might cause ankle varus. The angular velocity of inversion was earlier and bigger, which wasthe key factor of CAI’s repeated sprain. 3) The ankle joint strategy mainly affected COP, while the hip joint strategy could change COM;the landing buffer and posture control ability of CON side hop wasless stable than that of CAI;the landing mode of SHM was a high-risk action of ankle varus sprain. Conclusion: Even after sprain recovery, CAI athletes still have the possibility of sprain again. It is possible to strengthen and train the range of ankle movement and neuromuscular control to avoid repeated injury.
作者
张帆
王竹影
吴志建
宋彦李青
ZHANG Fan;WANG Zhuying;Wu Zhijian;Song Yanliqing(Nanjing Forest Police College,Nanjing 210023,China;Nanjing Normal University,Nanjing 210023,China.)
出处
《中国体育科技》
CSSCI
北大核心
2020年第2期46-63,共18页
China Sport Science and Technology
基金
中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金项目(LGZD201903)
中国博士后科学基金资助项目(2017M611849)
江苏高校青蓝工程资助项目(2017)
南京森林警察学院预研项目(LGY201603)。
关键词
侧跳
踝关节
扭伤
神经肌肉控制
落地缓冲
姿势稳定
side hop
ankle
sprain
neuromuscular control
landing and buffering
posture stability
