摘要
干宝的《搜神记》是“撰集古今神祇灵异、人物变化”的书籍。小说是知识分类体系中的术语,《搜神记》被置于小说的范畴之内,这种归类方式是逐步生成、日趋稳固的。在《隋书·经籍志》《旧唐书·经籍志》中,《搜神记》与《列异传》等居于史部杂传类,凝铸成为特定的知识模块。宋人修《新唐书·艺文志》时,将这个“序鬼物奇怪之事”的模块从史部拆解下来,直接拼装在子部小说类。小说的建模方式由杂录“街谈巷语”演变为叙事,奇幻、虚诞成为小说所叙之事的典型特质。明清时期,《搜神记》与《莺莺传》《三国演义》等其他虚构的叙事性文本一道成为小说这套知识类目核心的构成要素,并在近现代学术体系建构之时,一同纳入文学学科的界域之内。厘清《搜神记》在知识体系中的迁移路向,探寻它与小说建立关联的内生力与外驱力,考察《搜神记》等对小说规律性和规定性的重构,我们可以清楚地看到,小说具有叙事性、虚构性这一命题,是在中国本土的知识统序和学术语境中逐步建构并最终确认的。
Gan Bao’s Soushenji is a book which collects the stories of gods and ghosts,and the fiction is a term in the knowledge classification system.The method of classification that Soushenji is placed within the scope of the fiction is gradually produced and becomes more and more stable.In Tang Dynasty,Soushenji was placed in Si Bu in Sui Shu,and was transplanted into the category of Xiaoshuo under Zi Bu in Song Dynasty.Under this circumstance,the fiction is characterized by the evolution from gossip to fantasy.During the Ming and Qing Dynasties,Soushenji,together with other fictional narrative texts such as Yingying Zhuan and Sanguo Yanyi,became the core elements of the knowledge category of fictions,and then stepped into the realm of literature when the discipline system was constructed in modern times.It can be clarified that the proposition that the fiction is a kind of narrative and fictitious text is gradually constructed and finally confirmed in the knowledge system of China when we study the shifting direction of Soushenji and explore the endogenous and external drive related to the establishment of the fiction.
作者
王炜
丁凡
Wang Wei;Ding Fan(School of Chinese Language and Literature/Hubei Research Center for Literary Theory and Criticism, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079)
出处
《华中师范大学学报（人文社会科学版）》
CSSCI
北大核心
2020年第2期98-105,共8页
Journal of Central China Normal University:Humanities and Social Sciences
基金
国家社科基金重大项目“易代之际文学思想研究”(14ZDB073)。
关键词
《搜神记》
古代小说
史部杂传
子部小说
小说观念
Soushenji
ancient fiction
Za Zhuan in Shi bu
fictions in Zi Bu
concept of fiction
