摘要
目的对2015-2016年安徽省肾综合征出血热(HERS)监测资料进行总结,描述并分析安徽省HERS流行特点,为制定预防措施提供依据。方法用描述性流行病学方法对2015-2016年安徽省传染病监测信息报告管理系统网络直报的HERS病例资料及监测点监测资料进行统计学分析。结果 2015-2016年安徽省HERS发病继续呈上升趋势,2016年报告病例213例,较2015年162上升31.48%;2015-2016年报告发病率分别是0.268 1/10万和0.346 7/10万。2015-2016年报告发病数排名前5位分别是阜阳市、宣城市、亳州市、六安市、宿州市以及滁州市,其发病数相对应依次是73、71、39、39、25以及24例,占全省发病总数的72.267%。全年各月均有病例,呈春季和秋冬季两个发病高峰,11-12月达到全年最高峰。病例男女性别比为3.63∶1,以青壮年男性为主,职业以农民为主(占79.73%)。2015-2016年监测点平均鼠密度是5.9%,而鼠带病毒率平均为3.63%。优势鼠种野外为黑线姬鼠,居民区为褐家鼠。黑线姬鼠和褐家鼠仍是安徽省HERS的主要宿主动物和传染源。结论安徽省HERS发病仍呈显著上升趋势,部分监测点鼠密度和带病毒率一直维持在较高水平,HERS暴发隐患依然存在。高发地区要因地制宜地制定出有针对性的防治措施,开展以科学灭鼠、防鼠和预防接种为主的综合防治措施,以实现对安徽省HERS的有效管控。
Objective To understand the incidence of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome(HFRS) in Anhui in 2015 and 2016,and provide evidence for the disease prevention and control.Methods Descriptive epidemiological analysis was conducted by using the surveillance data of HFRS in Anhui in 2015 and 2016 collected from national notifiable disease reporting system and HFRS surveillance sentinels in Anhui.Results The overall incidence of HFRS in Anhui showed a significant increase.A total of 213 HFRS cases were reported,the incidence in 2016 was 0.346 7 per 100 000,significant increase of 31.48% compared with 2015.The cases were mainly reported in 5 citys,Fuyang,Xuancheng,Bozhou,Liuan,Suzhou and Chuzhou,accounting for 72.267% of the provincial total.The incidence was high in spring and during autumn-winter,and the peak occurred in November and December.The case number reported in males was 3.63 times higher than that reported in females.The cases were mainly young and middle aged adults.The cases in farmers accounted for highest proportion(79.73%).From 2015 to 2016,the average rodent density was 5.9%,while the average rate of rodent-borne virus was 3.63%.Apodemus agrarius was the dominant species in open field and Rattus in residential area.Conclusion The overall incidence of HFRS in Anhui showed a significant increase.The density and the hantavirus carriage rate of animal hosts in some areas remained at high level,suggesting that the risk of HFRS outbreak still exists.In these areas,the prevention and control should not be neglected,and it is necessary to develop targeted prevention and control strategy,continue vaccination and deratization projects to control HFRS effectively.
作者
李青
张永根
LI Qing;ZHANG Yong-gen(Anhui Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Hefei 230601,China)
出处
《中华卫生杀虫药械》
CAS
2020年第1期61-64,共4页
Chinese Journal of Hygienic Insecticides and Equipments
基金
全国重点传染病及病媒生物监测项目(编号:2014-36-W496)。
关键词
肾综合征出血热
监测
疫情
hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome
surveillance
epidemic
