摘要
丰容能提高圈养动物福利和行为多样性。2018年10—12月,对深圳野生动物园半散放环尾狐猴(Lemur catta)进行食物丰容与环境丰容,采用焦点取样法和瞬时扫描取样法观察丰容前、食物丰容和环境丰容阶段的环尾狐猴行为,比较分析不同丰容阶段环尾狐猴的日行为时间分配和行为节律变化。结果表明:食物丰容后环尾狐猴的搜寻行为显著增加,环境丰容后玩耍行为显著增多,这两个丰容阶段环尾狐猴的攀爬、行走、社群行为均显著增加,而睡觉、休息和异常行为则显著下降。丰容后环尾狐猴的活动节律也发生了变化,各种行为在全天的时间分布差异性增大。食物丰容后搜寻行为在10:00—11:00和16:00—17:00呈现2个峰值;环境丰容后玩耍行为在9:00—11:00和14:00—16:00有2个高峰。丰容后睡觉行为在9:00—11:00和12:00—15:00的比例显著减少,休息行为时间比例在上午和下午都显著降低。丰容能增加环尾狐猴的积极和动态行为,减少静态行为比例,促进动物自然、多样的行为表达,对动物行为模式有积极的影响。
Effective enrichment can increase the welfare and behavioral diversity of captive animals.We conducted food enrichment and environmental capacity enrichment works in an island occupied by lemurs at Shenzhen Safari Park from October to December of 2018.Focus animal and instantaneous scanning sampling methods were used to observe behaviors of 11 half free-living ring-tailed lemurs(Lemur catta).The behavioral time budget and activity rhythm changes before and after food and environmental enrichment were analyzed.Searching behavior increased significantly after food enrichment.Playing behavior increased significantly after environmental enrichment.During two enrichment stages,climbing,walking and social behavior increased significantly,while sleeping,resting and abnormal behavior decreased significantly.The activity rhythm also changed after enrichment,and the time distribution divergence increased for many behaviors.Searching behavior improved and peaked during 10:00-11:00 and 16:00-17:00 after food enrichment.Playing behavior generally increased,showing two peak times(9:00-11:00 and 14:00-16:00)after environmental enrichment.Sleeping behavior declined during 9:00-11:00 and 12:00-15:00,and the proportion of resting behavior decreased significantly during morning and afternoon.Analysis of behaviors before and after enrichment indicated that enrichment increased activity and movement,decreased the proportion of static behaviors,promoted natural and diverse behavioral expression,and had positive effects on animal behavior patterns.
作者
郑金玲
程鲲
刘莹
刘辉
蒲丽君
ZHENG Jinling;CHENG Kun;LIU Ying;LIU Hui;PU Lijun(Northeast Forestry University,Harbin,150040,China;Shenzhen Safari Park,Shenzhen,518055,China;Henan Enjoy Animal Kingdom,Zhengzhou,452376,China)
出处
《野生动物学报》
北大核心
2020年第2期288-295,共8页
CHINESE JOURNAL OF WILDLIFE
关键词
环尾狐猴
食物丰容
环境丰容
时间分配
行为节律
Ring-tailed lemur
Food enrichment
Environmental enrichment
Time budget
Behavioral rhythm
