摘要
颌位关系丧失会严重影响患者的面容和咀嚼功能,而准确地恢复咬合垂直距离(vertical dimension of occlusion,OVD)是无牙颌患者咬合重建的关键。无牙颌患者OVD的测量方法有很多种,本文通过对常用OVD记录法的工作原理、适用范围、优缺点、测量方法以及操作要点进行综述,以期对临床治疗提供一定的参考作用。研究表明,拔牙前记录法较为客观且准确度高,但要求拔牙前的诊断模型能够准确地反映患者原有的OVD;息止颌位参照法易受主观因素的影响,颌位关系不稳定的无牙颌患者禁用;吞咽法的主观性较强,特别适用于情绪紧张,配合较差的患者;面部标志测量法的客观性较强,但也受一定程度的主观测量因素的影响,颌面部畸形患者禁用;语音法的主观性较强,其测量结果的准确性与医师的临床经验密切相关,失语、失聪患者禁用。X线头影测量法与手指测量法的客观性强,是近年来新兴起的测量方法,发展前景好,其中手指测量法特别适用于颌面部畸形或肿瘤术后畸形的患者。
The loss of jaw position relationship will seriously affect the face and masticatory function of patients,and accurate restoration of vertical dimension of occlusion(OVD)is the key to occlusal reconstruction in edentulous pa-tients.There are many methods to measure OVD in edentulous patients.In this paper,the working principle,scope of application,advantages and disadvantages,measurement methods and operation points of OVD recording method are re-viewed in order to provide some reference for clinical treatment.The results show that the pre-extraction recording method is more objective and accurate,but the diagnosis model before extraction is required to accurately reflect the pa-tients′original OVD;the rest and stop jaw reference method is easily affected by subjective factors,and the edentulous patients with unstable jaw relationship are forbidden;the swallowing method is more subjective,especially suitable for patients with emotional tension and poor coordination;The facial landmark measurement method is more objective,but it is also affected by some subjective measurement factors.The patients with maxillofacial malformation are forbidden;the subjectivity of speech method is strong,and the accuracy of measurement results is closely related to the clinical ex-perience of doctors,and the patients with aphasia and deafness are forbidden.X-ray cephalometric method and finger measurement method have strong objectivity.They are new measurement methods in recent years and have a bright future.Among them,finger measurement method is especially suitable for patients with maxillofacial deformity or postop-erative deformity of tumor.
作者
郭建华
李英
GUO Jianhua;LI Ying(Shanxi Medical University School and Hospital of Stomatology,Taiyuan 030001,China;Department of Stomatology,The First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University,Taiyuan 030001,China)
出处
《口腔疾病防治》
2020年第7期472-476,共5页
Journal of Prevention and Treatment for Stomatological Diseases
基金
山西省自然科学基金(2015011086)。
关键词
全口义齿
无牙颌
垂直颌位关系
咬合垂直距离
咬合重建
垂直颌位关系记录法
息止颌位参照法
吞咽法
工作原理
面部标志测量法
语音法
适用范围
X线头影测量法
手指测量法
complete denture
edentulous jaw
vertical jaw position relationship
vertical distance of occlu-sion
occlusion reconstruction
vertical jaw position relationship recording method
rest and stop jaw position refer-ence method
swallowing method
working principle
facial sign measurement method
voice method
applica-tion scope
X-ray cephalometry
finger measurement method
