摘要
透过新冠肺炎治理期间涉疫刑事案件之观察,普通公民成为依法治疫背景下刑法偏爱的对象。疫情防控应急治理中的刑法适用迅速高效,其对于有效维护防疫抗疫期间的社会秩序发挥了应有的积极作用,但在实现法治人权保障理念方面却有所缺失。在新冠肺炎疫情防控刑事治理中,刑法所处罚的对象均为危害公共安全类犯罪或哄抬物价、制假售假等经济犯罪的普通公民且存在扩大化趋势,疫情防控刑事治理呈现出情绪化与过激化等非理性现象,国家(刑事)治理能力现代化仍然面临极大挑战。面对疫情防控举国大事,刑法应从对普通公民犯罪的打击转向对公权力主体犯罪的处理,着力查处隐瞒或不及时发布疫情重要信息而致疫情蔓延的责任主体。公民是现代国家的基础,国家治理应该反映公民的诉求而非仅仅追求维护社会秩序的功利目的。刑法不是高举在公民头上的利剑,而是公民保护自己权利的盾牌,刑事治理应彻底实现从国权刑法到民权刑法的转型,不断提升国家在应急管理中刑事治理能力的现代化水平。
Through the observation of the criminal cases involved in the epidemic during the treatment of COVID-19,ordinan7 citizens have become the object of preference for criminal law in the context of managing the epidemic according to law.The application of criminal law is quick and efficient and has played a positive role in effectively maintaining the social order during the period,but it is lacking in the realization of the human rights protection concept of the rule of law.In the criminal management of COVID-19,the people punished are all those grass roots who endanger public safety crimes or cope with economic crimes such as price hikes and fake sales.Irrational phenomena such as degeneration and over-intensification,the modernization of state governance capabilities still faces great challenges.Facing the nationwide event of COVID-19,the criminal law should shift from cracking down on ordinary citizens*crimes to dealing with the crimes of public authority subjects,focusing on investigating and punishing those responsible for contagious cases that have concealed or did not release important information of the epidemic in time.Citizens are the foundation of a modem state,and state governance should reflect citizens'aspirations,not just the utilitarian purpose of maintaining social order.Criminal law is not a sharp sword over citizens'heads,but a shield for citizens to protect their rights.Criminal governance should completely realize the transition from the state power criminal law to the civil rights criminal law,and continuously improve the state's modernization of criminal governance capabilities in emergency management.
出处
《比较法研究》
CSSCI
北大核心
2020年第2期1-10,共10页
Journal of Comparative Law
基金
东南大学2020年中央基本业务费课题“中国人权法治保障体系研究”(2242020S30046)
东南大学反腐败法治研究中心、东南大学民事检察研究基地暨江苏高校“青蓝工程”资助的科研成果。
关键词
疫情防控
刑事治理
普通公民
人权保障
治理能力现代化
epidemic prevention and control
criminal governance
grass root
human rights protection
goveniance capability modernization
