摘要
为了筛选对防治草莓上二斑叶螨Tetranychus urticae安全有效的杀螨剂,选用9种常用杀螨剂,采用叶片浸渍法测定它们对二斑叶螨的室内毒力及田间防治效果。结果表明:这9种药剂LC50值的大小顺序为:20%甲氰菊酯乳油>110 g/L乙螨唑悬浮剂>240 g/L螺螨酯悬浮剂>25%丁醚脲悬浮剂>43%联苯肼酯悬浮剂>22.4%螺虫乙酯悬浮剂>30%乙唑螨腈悬浮剂>0.5%苦参碱水剂>1.8%阿维菌素乳油。其中,1.8%阿维菌素乳油的室内毒力最高,24、48、72 h后的LC50分别为0.042、0.013、0.011 mg/L,其次是0.5%苦参碱水剂和30%乙唑螨腈悬浮剂,杀螨活性最低的是20%甲氰菊酯乳油,24、48、72 h后的LC50分别为51.055、37.017、30.016mg/L;在此基础上选用7种药剂进行田间防效试验,30%乙唑螨腈悬浮剂5 000倍液对草莓二斑叶螨的药效最好,药后1、3、7d的防效分别达43.25%、57.75%、73.02%,防效显著高于其他6种药剂,0.5%苦参碱水剂1 200倍液次之,处理7 d后的防效为69.86%,其后是43%联苯肼酯悬浮剂,药后1、3、7d的防效分别为41.82%,54.77%,68.23%;速效性最低的是22.4%螺虫乙酯悬浮剂,药后1 d防效为31.45%;持效性最低的是240 g/L螺螨酯悬浮剂,7 d后的防效为58.44%。室内毒力测定结果最好的1.8%阿维菌素乳油和目前生产上常用的240 g/L螺螨酯悬浮剂的田间防效均不理想,1.8%阿维菌素乳油药后7d的防效为61.34%,仅高于240 g/L螺螨酯悬浮剂,可能与所选试验区域内经常使用这两种农药,导致此区域内的草莓二斑叶螨田间种群已产生抗性有关。因此,防治草莓二斑叶螨时建议在田间交替、轮换使用30%乙唑螨腈悬浮剂5 000倍液、0.5%苦参碱水剂1 200倍液和43%联苯肼酯悬浮剂。
In order to screen out effective and safe acaricides for controlling Tetranychus urticae in strawberry fields,9 acaricides used in the study were selected to determine their indoor virulence by the leaf immersion method,and then their field control efficacy was tested by selecting the higher virulence.The results showed that the order of the LC 50 values was 20%fenpropathrin EC>110 g/L etoxazole SC>240 g/L spirodiclofen SC>25%diafenthiuron SC>43%bifenazate SC>22.4%spirotetramat SC>30%SYP-9625 SC>0.5%matrine AS>1.8%avermectin EC.Among them,1.8%avermectin EC had the highest acaricidal activity,which had LC 50 of 0.042,0.013,and 0.011 mg/L after 24,48,and 72 hours,followed by 0.5%matrine AS and 30%SYP-9625 SC.20%fenpropathrin EC had the lowest acaricidal activity,the LC 50 after 24,48,and 72 hours was 51.055,37.017,and 30.016 mg/L,respectively.The results of the field control efficacy showed that 30%SYP-9625(suspension concentrate)5000 times diluted liquid had the highest efficacy to T.urticae,which its control efficacy was 43.25%,57.75%,and 73.02%,respectively after application for 1 d,3 d,and 7 d,which were significantly higher than those of the other 6 agents;0.5%matrine AS 1200 times diluted liquid was in the second place,the control efficacy after 7 d was 69.86%;43%bifenazate SC took the third place,the control efficacy after 1 d,3 d,and 7 d was 41.82%,54.77%,68.23%,respectively;the quick efficacy of 22.4%spirodiclofen SC was the lowest,which was 31.45%after 1d,and the lowest lasting efficacy was 240 g/L spirodiclofen SC,with 58.44%after 7 d.Otherwise,among the seven selected agents,30%SYP-9625 SC showed the best control efficacy to T.urticae,but 1.8%avermectin EC with hightest toxicity of all acaricides had not the best control efficacy,avermectin after 7 d was 61.34%was just higher than that of 240 g/L spirodiclofen SC.Maybe the frequent use of these two pesticides in the selected strawberry growing area,caused the resistance of the field population of T.urticae to these two acaricides.So we strongly recommended to use 30%SYP-9625 SC 5000 times,0.5%matrine AS 1200 times and 43%bifenazate SC alternately for controlling the spider mites in strawberry filed.
作者
李鉴鉴
胡铁源
王冠博
聂鹏成
肖慧昌
尚素琴
LI Jianjian;HU Tieyuan;WANG Guanbo;NIE Pengcheng;XIAO Huichang;SHANG Suqin(College of Plant Protection,Gansu Agricultural University/Biological Control Engineering Laboratory of Crop Diseases and Insect Pests,Lanzhou 730070,China)
出处
《西北农业学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2020年第6期921-927,共7页
Acta Agriculturae Boreali-occidentalis Sinica
基金
甘肃农业大学青年导师基金(GAU-QNDS-201606)。
关键词
杀螨剂
LC50
田间防效
二斑叶螨
Acaricide
LC 50
Field control efficacy
Tetranychus urticae Koch
