摘要
目的探讨高原环境下增压对大鼠运动性疲劳恢复的作用和机制。方法将自然环境下由海拔1520 m运至海拔2260 m的大鼠随机分成3组:A组(安静对照组)、B组(自然恢复组)和C组(增压恢复组),每组8只大鼠。B组和C组每天在跑台进行运动性疲劳模型训练,B组自然恢复,C组每天在0.2 MPa的增压舱内恢复1 h,持续6 d。第7天,B组和C组运动至力竭,24 h后处死取样。测定大鼠的力竭运动时间,腓肠肌HIF-1α、肺iNOS和心肌CaMKⅡ、BNP蛋白表达,血清超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、总抗氧化能力(TAOC)、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)、活性氧(ROS)和丙二醛(MDA)浓度,HE染色心肌和腓肠肌并观察肌肉形态。结果(1)B组力竭运动时间(99.00±69.37)min,低于C组(126.14±59.09)min。(2)骨骼肌HIF-1α蛋白表达水平:A组0.220±0.170、B组0.070±0.003、C组0.360±0.140,C组显著高于B组(P<0.05)。心肌CaMKⅡ蛋白表达水平:A组1.18±0.17、B组1.07±0.13、C组1.40±0.22,组间比较差异无统计学意义。心肌BNP蛋白表达水平。A组0.29±0.05、B组0.29±0.08、C组0.53±0.01,C组与A组、B组比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);肺iNOS蛋白表达水平:A组0.130±0.002、B组0.450±0.004、C组0.360±0.005,A组显著低于C组、B组(P<0.01)。(3)与A组相比,B组血清SOD(P<0.05)和GSH-Px下降,ROS和MDA升高(P<0.05);与B组比较,C组血清SOD(P<0.05)、GSH-Px和TAOC增加,ROS和MDA下降(P<0.05)。(4)光镜下观察心肌和骨骼肌,B组肌纤维萎缩变细、断裂,细胞间隙增大,局部熔解坏死;C组肌纤维间隙缩小,断裂减少,细胞浸润程度减轻。结论在高原低氧环境下,对疲劳性运动后的大鼠应用增压,可延长力竭运动时间,缓解心肌和骨骼肌纤维变细、断裂、细胞间隙增大等形态改变程度,增强腓肠肌HIF-1α、心肌CaMKⅡ和BNP的蛋白表达,提高血清SOD、GSH-Px、TAOC,降低血清ROS和MDA,有助于运动性疲劳的恢复。
Objective To investigate the effect of pressurization on the recovery of exercise-induced fatigue in rats in plateau environment.Methods A total of 24 rats in natural environment were transported from altitude of 1520 m to 2260 m,then randomly divided into three groups:group A(quiet control group),group B(natural recovery group),and group C(pressurized recovery group),with 8 rats in each group.After the exercise fatigue model training on the running platform every day,the rats in the group B recovered naturally,while the rats in the group C had a 1-hour-recovery in a pressurized cabin of 0.2 MPa for 6 days.On the day 7,the rats in the group B and the group C exercised to exhaustion,and then were killed 24 hours later for sampling.The exercise time of exhaustion was recorded;gastrocnemius HIF-1α,lung iNOS,myocardial CaMKⅡ,and BNP protein expressions,and serum SOD,TAOC,GSH-Px and CAT,ROS,MDA concentration were determined;the morphological chages of myocardium after HE staining,and gastrocnemius were observed.Results(1)The exhaustive exercise time of the group B(99.00±69.37 min)was lower than that of group C(126.14±59.09 min).(2)The expression level of HIF-1αprotein in skeletal muscle was 0.220±0.170 in the group A,0.070±0.003 in the group B,and 0.360±0.140 in the group C.The expression level of the group C was significantly higher than that in the group B(P<0.05).The expression level of CaMKⅡprotein in myocardium was 1.18±0.17 in the group A,1.07±0.13 in the group B,and 1.40±0.22 in the group C.There were no statistical difference between each group.The expression level of BNP protein in myocardium was 0.29±0.05 in the group A,0.29±0.08 in the group B,0.53±0.01 in the group C.There were significant differences comparing the group C with the group A and the group B respectively(P<0.01).The expression level of iNOS in lung was 0.130±0.002 in the group A,0.450±0.004 in the group B,and 0.360±0.005 in the group C.It was significantly lower in the group A than those in the group C and the group B(P<0.01).(3)Compared with the group A,the serum SOD(P<0.05)and GSH-Px decreased,ROS and MDA increased in the group B(P<0.05).Compared with the group B,the serum SOD(P<0.05),GSH-Px and TAOC increased,ROS and MDA decreased in the group C(P<0.05).(4)Under light microscope,muscle fiber in the group B showed atrophy,thinning,rupture,increase of cell gap,and local lytic necrosis;while muscle fiber in the group C showed shrinking gap,decreased rupture,and relieved cell infiltration.Conclusion In the plateau and hypoxia environment,the application of pressurization to the rats in exercise-induced fatigue can prolong the exhaustive exercise time,alleviate the morphological changes of muscle fibers in myocardium and skeletal muscles,e.g.thinning,rupture,and increase of cell gap,enhance the expressions of HIF-1α,CaMKⅡand BNP in gastrocnemius muscle,increase the levels of serum SOD,GSH Px,and TAOC,reduce the levels of serum ROS and MDA,and contribute to sports fatigue recovery.
作者
樊蓉芸
陈春健
苏青青
郝少伟
李强
马福海
Fan Rongyun;Chen Chunjian;Su Qingqing;Hao Shaowei;Li Qiang;Ma Fuhai(Key Laboratory of Altitude Training of General Administration of Sport of China,Key Laboratory of Plateau Sports Science of Qinghai Province,Qinghai Institute of Sports Science,Academy of Plateau Science and Sustainability,Xining 810000,China)
出处
《中华航海医学与高气压医学杂志》
CAS
CSCD
2020年第2期217-223,共7页
Chinese Journal of Nautical Medicine and Hyperbaric Medicine
基金
青海省科技应用基础研究项目(2019-ZJ-7077,2019-ZJ-7010)
青海省科技重点研发与转化项目(2019-SF-126,2019-HZ-810)。
关键词
高原
低氧
运动性疲劳
增压
恢复
Plateau
Hypoxia
Exercise-induced fatigue
Pressurization
Recovery
