摘要
[目的]揭示不同海拔、不同生境和人工干预条件下庐山云雾茶园秋季杂草群落结构及生物多样性。[方法]用样方调查法调查了不同海拔梯度和生境下5块典型庐山云雾茶园的杂草组成。[结果]茶园样方中共有68科165属223种杂草,其中海拔240 m的通远茶园杂草种类最多,其物种丰富度指数达3.606;群落多样性最高的为900 m的小天池茶园,Shannon指数为2.876,Simpson指数最低为0.122;海拔1100 m的植物园茶园杂草种类最少,Simpson和Shannon指数均低,Pielou指数高。[结论]不同生境和人工干预条件下庐山云雾茶园杂草群落结构差异显著。庐山云雾茶园杂草以双子叶植物为主,生活型以多年生杂草为主。随着海拔的升高,杂草种类减少,优势种逐渐突出。整体上生物多样性表现出从热带向温带过渡的性质。禾本科和菊科杂草危害严重,要尤为关注。
[Objective]To reveal the community structure and biodiversity of autumn weed in cloud tea gardens of Lushan Mountain of different altitudes,natural environments and management practices.[Method]The method of plot survey was used to investigate the weed composition of five typical cloud tea gardens of Lushan Mountain under different elevation gradients and habitats.[Result]A total number of 223 species of weeds in 165 genuses of 68 families in the five tea gardens.Among them,the Tongyuan tea garden at the altitude of 240 m had the most abundant weed species,with its species richness index reached 3.606.The Xiaotianchi tea garden at the altitude of 900 m showed the highest community diversity with Shannon index of 2.876 and Simpson index of 0.122.The botanical garden tea garden at an altitude of 1100 m had the least number of weed species,which exhibited both low Shannon index and Simpson index and high Pielou index.[Conclusion]The weed community structure of cloud tea garden in Lushan Mountain showed significant differences under various habitats and management intervention conditions.The dicotyledonous and perennial weeds were dominant in cloud tea garden of Lushan Mountain.As the elevation increased,the weed species decreased and the dominant species gradually became prominent.The overall biodiversity showed the nature of transition from the tropics to the temperate zone.Graminese and Compositae weeds were highly harmful,and should be paid special attention.
作者
杨晓丹
胡菀
温馨
江新凤
鲍海鸥
周赛霞
彭焱松
YANG Xiao-dan;HU Wan;WEN Xin(Lushan Botanical Garden,Chinese Academy of Science,Jiangxi Province,Lushan,Jiangxi 332900;School of Pharmacy and Life Sciences,Jiujiang University,Jiujiang,Jiangxi 332000;The Administration of Ganjiangyuan National Nature Reserve,Jiangxi Province,Shicheng,Jiangxi 342700)
出处
《安徽农业科学》
CAS
2020年第13期137-143,共7页
Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences
基金
江西省重点研发计划项目(20161BBF60054)
江西省重点研发计划项目“江西茶园绿色防草技术研究与集成示范”(20192BBF60009)
江西省科研基础条件和能力建设项目(2017ZDD01002,2018ZDD10002)。
关键词
茶园
秋季杂草
群落结构
生物多样性
优势种
庐山
庐山云雾茶
Tea garden
Autumn weed
Community structure
Biodiversity
Dominant variety
Lushan
Lushan cloud tea
