摘要
以仿刺参(Apostichopus japonicu)雄、雌性腺为研究对象,通过测定其基本营养成分、脂肪酸、无机元素、氨基酸及呈味核苷酸等物质,对仿刺参生殖腺的营养价值和开发利用前景进行科学评价。结果表明,仿刺参雄、雌性腺的营养成分组成有很大差异,雄性生殖腺的蛋白和灰分含量显著高于雌性(P<0.05),而脂肪含量显著偏低(P<0.05);在脂肪酸组成上,雄、雌性腺不饱和脂肪酸占脂肪酸总量的比例分别达到81.11%和74.69%,且均以C20:5n-3(EPA)为主;仿刺参生殖腺中含有的微量元素多达36种,其中Fe、Zn、Sr、Cu及Rb含量相对较高,雄、雌性腺中人体必需微量元素含量分别为21.5 mg/kg和38.7 mg/kg;仿刺参雄、雌性腺的水解氨基酸组成较为接近,均符合FAO/WHO推荐的理想蛋白质模式;仿刺参雄、雌性腺的游离氨基酸均以甘氨酸(Gly,甜味)和谷氨酸(Glu,鲜味)为主,雄性生殖腺中的腺苷酸(adenosine monophosphate,AMP)、肌苷酸(inosine monophosphate,IMP)及鸟苷酸(guanosine monophosphate,GMP)等呈味核苷酸的含量更高,二者的味精当量(equivalent umami concentration,EUC)分别达到240.27 g MSG/100g和48.81 g MSG/100g。本研究系统地测定了仿刺参雄、雌性腺的营养成分,综合分析发现仿刺参生殖腺营养价值高,适宜开发营养强化型产品、功能脂质产品等,具有良好的开发利用前景。本研究可为仿刺参加工副产物的综合利用提供参考。
In order to evaluate the nutritional and utilization value of Apostichopus japonicus gonads,the male gonads and female gonads of A.japonicus were collected to detect their essential nutrients,fatty acids,mineral elements,amino acids and flavored nucleotides.The results showed that compared with female gonads,protein and ash contents of male gonads were significantly higher(P<0.05),and the fat content of male gonads was significantly lower(P<0.05).The unsaturated fatty acids in male gonads and female gonads accounted for 81.11%and 74.69%of the total fatty acids,respectively.And most of the unsaturated fatty acids were C20:5n-3(EPA).As many as 36 kinds of trace elements were found in the glands,among of them,the contents of Fe,Zn,Sr,Cu and Rb were relatively higher.The total amounts of human essential trace elements in male gonads and female gonads were 21.5 mg/kg and 38.7 mg/kg,respectively.The hydrolyzed amino acid compositions were similar in male gonads and female gonads,which were conformed to the ideal protein model recommended by FAO/WHO.The main free amino acids were Gly(sweet)and Glu(umami)in both male gonads and female gonads.The contents of flavored nucleotides(AMP,GMP and IMP)were higher in male gonads.The equivalent umami concentrations(EUC)of male gonads and female gonads were 240.27 gMSG/100g and 48.81 gMSG/100g,respectively.In conclusion,A.japonicus gonads had good utilization values,and was suitable for the development of nutritional fortified products and functional lipid products.This study provides references for the comprehensive utilization of the by-products in A.japonicus processing.
作者
曹荣
王善宇
赵玲
刘淇
CAO Rong;WANG Shanyu;ZHAO Ling;LIU Qi(Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences,Qingdao 266071,China;Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts,Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology(Qingdao),Qingdao 266003,China)
出处
《中国渔业质量与标准》
2020年第2期23-30,共8页
Chinese Fishery Quality and Standards
基金
国家重点研发计划“蓝色粮仓科技创新”专项(2019YFD0902105)
中国水产科学研究院黄海水产研究所基本科研业务费项目(20603022018028)共同资助。
关键词
仿刺参
性腺
营养成分
加工利用
脂肪酸
氨基酸
微量元素
Apostichopus japonicus
male and female gonads
nutrient composition
utilization
fatty acid
amino acid acid
trace element
