摘要
原油的海上运输能力是影响我国能源安全的重要因素之一,为了保障原油海上运输安全,中国早在2005年就提出了"国油国运"的政策,但时至今日,究竟政策效果如何,是否能实现80%的"国油国运"目标,还有待分析和研究。本文首先从进口依存度、进口来源地、海上原油运输通道和油轮船队发展现状,以及投放至本国原油进口市场的船舶比例,分析了影响原油进口海运保障能力的几个因素;接下来阐述了计算原油进口海运保障能力的思路、过程与结果;最后针对当前我国原油进口海运的保障能力还远远低于80%的结果,提出对策和建议:继续扩充我国的原油船队规模;加强油轮运输企业与货主企业之间的战略合作关系;打造运输企业与货主企业之间的资本纽带关系;推动银行、运输企业、货主企业和造船企业形成利益共同体;通过北极航道拓展新的原油进口来源地和运输通道;通过瓜达尔港增加原油运输的多式联运新通道等。
The maritime transportation capacity of crude oil has become one of the important factors affecting energy security. In order to ensure the safety of crude oil transport, China put forward the policy of "national transportation for national oil " in 2005. However, it remains to be analyzed and studied how effective the policy is and whether the goal of 80% of "national transportation" has been achieved. This paper first analyzes several factors affecting the import security of crude oil from the aspects of import dependence, import source, offshore crude oil transportation channel and oil tanker development status. Next, the calculation of crude oil import shipping support ability is explained, and the calculation process and results are given. Finally, based on the fact that the current guarantee capacity of China’s crude oil import shipping is still far below 80%, some suggestions and countermeasures are put forward, such as expanding the scale of China’s crude oil fleet, strengthening the strategic cooperation between oil tanker transportation enterprises and cargo owners, building the capital ties between transport companies and shippers, forming a community of interests among banks, transport companies, shippers and shipbuilding companies, increasing new oil import source and shipping channel through Arctic route,as well as increasing multimodal transport route of oil import through Guadal port.
作者
王丹
李丹阳
赵利昕
王杰
王蕊
WANG Dan;LI Dan-yang;ZHAO Li-xin;WANG Jie;WANG Rui(Transportation Engineering College,Dalian Maritime University,Dalian 116026,China)
出处
《中国软科学》
CSSCI
CSCD
北大核心
2020年第6期1-9,共9页
China Soft Science
基金
国家社会基金重大研究专项项目(18VHQ005)
教育部人文社会科学研究青年基金(13YJCZH168)
辽宁省社科基金(L18BGJ001)
中央高校基本科研业务费基金(3132019020)。
关键词
原油进口安全
海运保障能力
北极航道
safety of crude oil import
guarantee competence of shipping
Arctic route
