摘要
为猕猴桃新品种瑞玉优质丰产栽培技术措施的制定提供科学依据,以瑞玉猕猴桃为试验材料,于花后28 d开始每隔14 d持续测量田间果实横纵径、单果重、干物质等指标,探明从花后至成熟过程中果实形态、生长和发育等特性,以及果实干物质积累和可溶性固形物含量的变化规律,建立瑞玉猕猴桃果实发育的动态曲线。结果表明:瑞玉猕猴桃在花后28~152 d的发育过程中,果实单果重、横纵径、干物质含量和可溶性固形物含量均呈逐渐上升趋势;前68 d增长较快,平均单果重可增长至55.6 g,完成果实77.3%的单果重生长量;152 d后单果重、横纵径的生长基本停止;152~180 d干物质含量呈缓慢增长趋势,可溶性固形物含量增加很快,硬度迅速下降。瑞玉猕猴桃的最佳采收期在花后144~152 d,此期间其可溶性固形物为7%,硬度为7.3~7.4 kgf,干物质含量为20.81%,适宜采收且有利于后期贮藏。采收期不宜晚于花后152 d。
To provide scientific basis for the development of high-quality and high-yield cultivation techniques for a new kiwifruit variety Ruiyu,the indexes such as field fruit horizontal and vertical diameter,single fruit weight,dry matter were continuously measured every 14 days from 28 days after flowering,thereby to explore the characteristics of fruit morphology,growth and development during the process from flowering to maturity,as well as the change regulation of dry matter accumulation and soluble solid content in the fruit,and the dynamic curve of Ruiyu kiwifruit development was then established.Results:The fruit weight,horizontal and vertical diameter,dry matter content,and soluble solid content of Ruiyu kiwifruit gradually increased during the development of 28-152 days after flowering.In the first 68 days,Ruiyu kiwifruit grew relatively fast,and the average fruit weight could reach 55.6 g,completing 77.3%of the growth of the fruit.152 days later,the growth of single fruit weight and horizontal and vertical diameter basically stopped.The 152-180 d dry matter content showed a slow increase trend,the soluble solid content increased rapidly,and the hardness decreased rapidly.Ruiyu kiwifruit entered the harvest period about 144-152 d after flowering.The soluble solids,hardness,and dry matter content were respectively 7%,7.3-7.4 kgf,and 20.81%.It was suitable for harvesting and beneficial to later storage,and its harvest period should not exceed 152 d.
作者
郭慧慧
肖鹏
雷靖
雷玉山
索江涛
徐明
GUO Huihui;XIAO Peng;LEI Jing;LEI Yushan;SUO Jiangtao;XU Ming(Shaanxi Rural Science and Technology Development Center,Xi’an,Shaanxi 710054;Shaanxi Bairui Kiwifruit Research Institute Co.,Ltd.,Xi’an,Shaanxi 710054;Lanzhou New District Agricultural Technology Development Co.,Ltd.,Lanzhou,Gansu 730000;Shaanxi Kiwifruit Engineering Technology Research Center,Xi’an,Shaanxi 710054,China)
出处
《贵州农业科学》
CAS
2020年第7期64-68,共5页
Guizhou Agricultural Sciences
基金
陕西省重点研发计划-特色产业链项目“猕猴桃新种质新品种选育与示范推广”(2018TSCXL-XY-01-03),“猕猴桃规范化栽培技术研究与示范”(2018TSCXL-NY-01-01),“优质多抗耐贮运猕猴桃新品种选育”(2020ZDLNY03-01)
国家国际合作专项“猕猴桃溃疡病防治及抗病育种技术合作研究”(2015DFA30400)。
关键词
瑞玉猕猴桃
果实
生长
发育规律
Ruiyu kiwifruit
fruit
growth
development regulation
