摘要
为了明确机动车限行政策的性质,分析政府采取该类政策的动因或依据,引导公众正确地认识和评价政策,提升政策的实施效果,综合运用文献研究、实践调查、理论研究等方法,全面考察了上海、北京和杭州等城市制定和实施机动车限行政策的具体情况及所产生的社会反响,针对政策所受到的质疑、反对和批评,充分明确了政策的社会性规制性质,运用社会性规制的相关理论深入分析了政府实施机动车限行政策的依据。研究认为,尽管机动车限行政策的实施限制了人们对机动车的使用和购买,给个人权益带来了一些负面影响,但政府实施该政策的合理依据在于克服因机动车使用活动产生的负外部性以及其存在的信息失灵而引起的市场失灵,减少其产生的社会不公平和控制其产生的危害公众健康、财产和安全的风险。
For discovering the nature of the policies concerning motor vehicle restriction, analyzing the motivation or basis for the governments to adopt such policies, guiding people to correctly understand and evaluate them, and enhancing their implementation effect, by using such methods as literature research, practical investigation and theoretical research, after making the investigations into the formulation and implementation of such policies in Shanghai, Beijing, Hangzhou and other cities as well as social responses to them, the nature of them as a kind of policy for social regulation was clarified fully and reasonable motivations for those governments to adopt them were analyzed deeply by using the theories about social regulation, aiming at the doubts, oppositions and criticisms against them. Although the implementation of the motor vehicle restriction policies limits the use or purchase of motor vehicles and have some negative impacts on people′s rights and interests, reasonable motivations for them cover overcoming market failure from negative externality and information failure involved with the use of motor vehicles, reducing social inequity from it and controlling the risk of endangering health,safety and properties of the public from it.
作者
丁芝华
李燕霞
Ding Zhi-hua;Li Yan-xia(China Academy of Transportation Sciences,Beijing 100029,China)
出处
《交通运输研究》
2020年第4期86-94,共9页
Transport Research
基金
中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费项目(20200110)。
关键词
机动车限行
社会性规制
负外部性
社会公平
风险控制
motor vehicle restriction
social regulation
negative externality
social equality
risk control
