摘要
人工智能是引领未来的前沿性、战略性技术,正在推动人类社会从互联网和大数据时代迈向智能时代,实现社会生活形态的重大变革。作为当前全球人工智能研究领域的领导者,美国将智能技术的发展视为国家总体发展战略的重要组成部分。从奥巴马到特朗普,美国政府颁布了一系列战略文件和行政命令来指导人工智能的发展。美国人工智能战略的重点包括重视人才培养,加强公私合作研发,推动人工智能军事化应用和强化国际合作。应对世界主要国家和地区的科技竞争、促进经济繁荣和保障国家安全,是美国关注人工智能技术进步的主要动因。当前,美国的人工智能战略还面临一系列挑战,包括政府与私营企业的合作存在障碍、科技人才短缺,以及人工智能军备竞赛导致安全困境。鉴于国际形势和美国实力的变化,抛弃冷战思维并加强国际合作,美国智能技术才能健康发展。
Artificial intelligence(AI)is a cutting-edge,strategic technology that leads the future.It is pushing human society from the era of the internet and big data to the era of AI,and producing major changes in social life.As the current global leader in artificial intelligence research,the United States regards the development of intelligent technology as an important part of the country's overall development strategy.The Obama and the Trump administrations have issued a series of strategic documents and executive orders to guide the development of artificial intelligence.The focus of the U.S.AI strategy includes attaching importance to personnel training,strengthening public-private cooperation in research and development,promoting the militarization of artificial intelligence,and strengthening international cooperation.At present,the U.S.artificial intelligence strategy still faces a series of challenges,including obstacles to cooperation between the government and private companies,shortage of scientific and technological talent,and the security dilemma caused by the AI arms race.In view of the changes in the international situation and the strength of the United States,the abandonment of the Cold War mentality and the strengthening of international cooperation will enable the healthy development of American intelligence technology.
出处
《美国研究》
CSSCI
北大核心
2020年第4期94-114,M0005,共22页
The Chinese Journal of American Studies
