摘要
中国是木材产品生产和进出口贸易大国,同时也是木材产业全球价值链的重要参与者。由于人均森林资源较为短缺,通过全球价值链分工参与国际森林资源配置、解决木材资源供需矛盾、促进产业发展是提升中国木材产业在全球价值链中竞争力的必由之路。文章测算了世界64个国家和地区的木材产业的全球价值链参与度指数和分工地位指数,并结合全球价值链理论和波特菱形模型,从生产要素、需求条件、中国木材产品供给量、相关产业的支持和制度条件五个方面构建了木材产业的全球价值链分工的影响因素理论框架。在此基础上,采用TiVA数据库中的木材产业数据并构建计量经济学模型进行了分析。主要结论:(1)中国木材产业在全球价值链分工中的参与度和地位显著提升;(2)高等人才供给量、全国木材产品市场总供给量、营林固定资产投资额和经济制度对中国木材产业全球价值链分工地位有显著的正向影响,人均GDP对中国木材产业全球价值链分工地位有显著的负向影响;(3)在各种制度中,经济制度对中国木材产业全球价值链分工地位的正向影响最为突出。最后对中国木材产业发展提出建议:应顺应绿色发展趋势,摒弃“高投入、高污染”和“低附加值、低价格”的老路,以减少他国针对中国木材产品的贸易摩擦;培养产业人才,走林业可持续发展道路;主动参与全球经济治理变革,持续扩大对外开放的深度与广度。
China is a major country in the production,import and export of forest products in the world,and also an important participant in the global value chain of timber industry.China is short of forest resources.The inevitable way to enhance the competitiveness of timber industry in the global value chain is to participate in the allocation of international forest resources through the division of labor in the global value chain,solve the contradiction between supply and demand of wood resources,and promote development.This paper calculates the global value chain participation index and division position index of timber industry in 64 countries and regions in the world.Combined the theory of global value chain with Porter’s diamond model,this paper constructs the theoretical framework of infl uencing factors of global value chain division of timber industry from fi ve aspects:production factors,demand conditions,supply of wood products in China,support and institutional conditions of related industries.On this basis,an econometric model is constructed,and the data of timber industry in TiVA database is used for empirical research.The main conclusions are as follows:(1)the participation and status of China’s timber industry in the global value chain division have been signifi cantly improved.(2)The supply of higher talents,the total supply of national timber products market,and the investment amount of forestry fi xed assets and economic institution have a significant positive impact on the division of labor position of China’s timber industry in the global value chain.GDP per capita has a signifi cant negative impact on the position of global value chain division of China’s wood industry.(3)Among various institutions,the economic institution has a signifi cant positive impact on the division of labor position of China’s timber industry in the global value chain.The suggestions for the development of China’s timber industry are to comply with the trend of green development,abandon the old path of“high input,high pollution”and“low added value,low price”to reduce the trade friction against China’s forest products.With training more forestry talents,China should take the road of sustainable forestry development,actively participate in the global economic governance reform,and continuously expand the depth and breadth of China’s opening up.
作者
侯方淼
李浩爽
Hou Fangmiao;Li Haoshuang(School of Economics and Management,Beijing Forestry University,Beijing 100083)
出处
《林业经济》
北大核心
2020年第5期3-18,共16页
Forestry Economics
基金
国家林业和草原局森林认证项目“中国森林认证标识采信促进纸制品供应链绿色发展研究”(编号:KJZXRZ2019020)。
关键词
全球价值链
木材产业
国际分工
影响因素
global value chain
timber industry
international division of labor
infl uencing factors
