摘要
目的分析北京市海淀区三甲医院急诊护理工作人员心理压力探讨干预措施。方法 2017-08/2019-08采用随机抽样法选取北京市海淀区5家三级甲等医院,将546名急诊科护理人员作为调查对象。分析护理人员一般人口学特征,比较急诊科护理人员与全国常模焦虑自评量表(SAS)、抑郁自评量表(SDS)及90项症状清单(SCL-90),利用中国护士工作压力源量表评估护理人员心理压力和压力源,比较不同特征护理人员焦虑与抑郁检出情况,分析护理人员焦虑及抑郁影响因素,数据采用SPSS 20.0软件进行卡方检验、Logistic回归分析。结果本研究中急诊科护理人员焦虑阳性有317例,焦虑阳性率为58.06%,抑郁阳性有338例,抑郁阳性率为61.90%;急诊科护理人员SAS与SDS评分高于全国常模,SCL-90中各因子平均得分高于全国常模,SCL-90阳性项目数高于全国常模(P<0.05);急诊科护理人员压力源主要以患者护理方面和时间分配及工作量问题为主;急诊科护理人员焦虑阳性率在急诊科工作年限、平均工作时长、月收入、职场暴力史及睡眠障碍上存在差异,抑郁阳性率在年龄、受教育水平、工作年限、急诊科工作年限、平均工作时长、月收入、上夜班及睡眠障碍上存在差异(P<0.05);急诊科工作年限、平均工作时长、职场暴力史和睡眠障碍为急诊科护理人员焦虑危险因素;平均工作时长、月收入及睡眠障碍为急诊科护理人员抑郁危险因素。结论北京市海淀区三甲医院急诊护理工作人员焦虑和抑郁发生率较高,医院在加强护理人员专科培训提高业务能力的同时可适当增加急诊科护理人员配置缓解工作压力并定时举行心理讲座以促进急诊护理人员心理健康。
Objective To investigate the psychological stress of the emergency nursing staff in grade-A tertiary hospitals in Haidian district of Beijing in order to provide scientific evidence for taking corresponding measures. Methods 546 emergency nursing staffs from 5 tertiary hospitals in Haidian District of Beijing from August 2017 to August 2019 were selected by a random sampling method.The general demographic characteristics of the nursing staff were analyzed. The self-rating anxiety scale(SAS), self-rating depression scale(SDS) and symptom check list-90(SCL-90) scores between emergency nurses and the national norm were compared. The psychological stress and stressor of nurses were evaluated by the Chinese nursing job stressor inventory. The detection rates of anxiety and depression in nurses with different characteristics were compared by chi square tests. Logistic regression was used to analyze the influencing factors of anxiety and depression. All statistical analyses were conducted by SPSS 20.0. Results The positive rate of anxiety was 58.06%(317/546),and the positive rate of depression was 61.90%(338/546). The scores of SAS and SDS of nurses in the emergency department were significantly higher than those of the national norm(P<0.05). The average score of all factors in SCL-90 in this sample were higher than those of the national norm(P<0.05).The emergency nursing staff had more positive items than those of the national norm(P<0.05).The stressors of nurses in the emergency department were mainly patient care, time allocation and workload. The positive rate of anxiety among nurses in emergency department was different in terms of working years, average working hours, monthly income, history of workplace violence and sleep disorders(P<0.05). The positive rates of depression among nurses in emergency department were different in terms of age, education level, working years, working years in emergency department, average working hours, monthly income, night shift frequency and sleep disorders(P<0.05). The working years, average working hours, history of workplace violence and sleep disorders were risk factors for anxiety among nurses in emergency department. Average working hours, monthly income and sleep disorders were risk factors for depression in emergency nurses. Conclusion Anxiety and depression are quite common among emergency nursing staff in Haidian District of Beijing. Both professional training and psychological lectures are important for the psychological health of the emergency nursing stuff.
作者
柳慧
陈旭
彭蓓
LIU Hui;CHEN Xu;PENG Bei(Emergency Ward,Beijing Shijitan Hospital,Capital Medical University,Haidian 100038,Beijing,China)
出处
《预防医学情报杂志》
CAS
2020年第9期1181-1188,1195,共9页
Journal of Preventive Medicine Information
关键词
三甲医院
急诊护理人员
焦虑
抑郁
现况调查
grade-a tertiary hospitals
emergency
nursing staff
anxiety
depression
cross-sectional study
