摘要
COVID-19疫情在全球范围内迅速蔓延,已成为全人类的灾难。城市是抵御传染病爆发的前线和最后防线,同时也是引领国家和全球社会经济复苏的关键。截至目前,人类在这场无硝烟的战争中仍处于劣势。在疫情防控常态化状态下,注重疫情防控和社会经济复苏是后疫情时代的重点工作。面对此次抗疫过程中暴露出来的城市不足与短板,规划师必须进行充分研究,在未来规划与构建更加韧性的城市,这无疑是后疫情时代最迫切和重要的任务。鉴于此,本文重点从经济与就业、流动性、城市规模与空间布局、住房市场四个方面梳理了后疫情时代国际国内的规划议题与应对相关研究,旨在为后疫情时代城市规划与发展提供借鉴与参考。
The COVID-19 pandemic is spreading rapidly around the world.Cities are the front and last line of defense against infectious diseases outbreaks and are the key to leading socio-economic recovery in a country or the whole world.However,human beings have been at a disadvantage in this smokeless war until now.In the fight against COVID-19,tracing and controlling the source of infection is mainly the work of medical personnel,while controlling the way of transmission and preventing the spread of COVID-19 is closely related to urban space and its planning.In recent years,in the process of urban space planning and construction,people from all circles have emphasized the concept of urban planning and development,such as smart city,park city,resilient city and ecological city,but they are still caught unprepared in the face of the unexpected epidemic.The epidemic has had a great impact on the city in terms of social,economic and spatial distribution,making people from all walks of life realize that there are many shortcomings in the city's response to major crises such as the epidemic.What is the more important work in the post-COVID pandemic era is that more emphasis should be laid on epidemic controlling and socio-economic recovery under the normal state of epidemic controlling era.What’s more,as a planner,it is undoubtedly the most urgent and important task in the post-COVID pandemic era that the shortcomings of the city exposed in the anti-epidemic process should be fully researched to plan and build a more resilient city in the future.Therefore,this paper focuses on sorting out international and domestic research progress of planning issues and responses from four aspects,including economy and employment,mobility,urban scale and spatial planning,and housing market.Scholars at international and domestic focus on different points,mainly reflected as follows.First,in terms of economics,foreign scholars focus on the quantitative impact of the epidemic on the global economy,while domestic scholars focus on the impact on regional economy and industries(especially digital economy,health industry,etc.)and countermeasures.Second,in terms of employment,foreign scholars mainly focus on the detection and assistance of the high-risk unemployment,while domestic scholars focus on the coping strategies of returning to work and production for different groups in the post-COVID pandemic era.Thirdly,in terms of mobility,foreign scholars focus on quantifying the impact of mobility restrictions on the epidemic.Domestic scholars pay more attention to the impact of mobility restrictions on transportation,people's lives and certain groups of people.In terms of the impact on certain groups of people,foreign scholars focus on the impact on elderly people living alone.Fourth,in terms of spatial distribution,foreign scholars believe that accelerating epidemic spread in high-density cities may lead to"antiurbanization and suburbanization",while domestic scholars believe that urban density is not necessarily related to epidemic outbreak,and the construction of high-density cities will still be the trend of urban development in the future.In addition,domestic scholars have focused on the design of epidemic prevention and control to help the resumption of service industries such as catering and coffee shops,as well as the implementation of urban agricultural production to alleviate the pressure of insufficient urban food supply.Domestic scholars have also focused on the critical role of community governance,public health,and"defense units"in responding to the epidemic.Fifth,in the housing market,foreign scholars pay more attention to the tenant eviction crisis and its relief measures,as well as the role of the real estate market in the process of economic recovery.Domestic scholars focus on ensuring effective supply of rented houses,paying attention to the quality and healthy environment of rented houses,as well as the operation status of the housing trading market,the supply and demand status of commercial houses,and the industrial chain of the real estate market.Cities are the front and last line of defense against infectious disease outbreaks and are key to national and global recovery.Focusing on epidemic prevention and control and social and economic recovery is the focus of the post-COVID pandemic era.As for urban planning,it is necessary to draw on the experiences of international urban planning,make up the weak points of cities,and create a healthy,safe,sustainable and resilient urban living environment conducive to disease prevention and control and people's health.To be sure,resilient urban living environment construction involves all aspects of society,economy,production,life and ecology both inside and outside the city.In particular,the level of modern science and technology,the level of modern governance by the government and the public's ability to implement policies play a decisive role in the fight against the epidemic.Due to the limited space,this study only summarizes the issues and countermeasures related to domestic and international issues from four aspects:economy and employment,mobility,spatial distribution and housing market.The research on the uncertainty brought by the epidemic is still in the exploratory stage,and a systematic research framework has not yet been formed.With the further development of the research,the issues and coping strategies related to urban planning in the post-COVID pandemic era will be more abundant.
作者
黄安
田莉
HUANG An;TIAN Li
出处
《西部人居环境学刊》
2020年第5期7-17,共11页
Journal of Human Settlements in West China
基金
北京卓越青年科学家计划(JJWZYJH01201910003010)。
关键词
后疫情
规划议题
规划应对
进展
Post-COVID Pandemic
Planning Issues
Planning Responses
Progress
