摘要
为实现褐土烟田土壤改良的目标,通过大田试验,以施用化肥为对照,研究了生物炭与芝麻饼肥、生物有机肥、动植物有机肥配施后土壤养分、微生物代谢功能和微生物数量的变化。结果表明,生物炭与有机肥配施能提高土壤碱解氮、速效磷、速效钾和有机碳含量,其中以配施生物有机肥提升作用最为明显,分别较对照提高28.18%、54.81%、46.72%和31.12%。与对照相比,生物炭配施3种有机肥均可以增强微生物的代谢活性,提升其对酚酸类、碳水化合物类碳源的利用能力。此外,生物炭与有机肥配施还降低了真菌数量,增加了土壤细菌、放线菌数量及细菌/真菌、放线菌/真菌比值。其中配施生物有机肥土壤细菌和放线菌数量分别较对照增加了192.45%、45.77%。因此,生物炭与有机肥配施能提高褐土土壤速效养分和有机碳含量,改善土壤微生物群落结构。综合来看,以生物炭与生物有机肥配施效果最好。
In order to achieve the goal of soil improvement in tobacco growing cinnamon soil,field experiments were conducted in tobacco-planting soil of Jiaxian county,Henan province to determine the effects of mixed application of peanut shell biochar and sesame cake fertilizer,bio-organic fertilizer,animal and plant organic fertilizer on nutrients and microbial functional diversity and microbe quantity.The results showed that,compared with chemical fertilizer,mixed application of biochar and organic fertilizers increased contents of soil alkali hydrolysable nitrogen,phosphorus,potassium and organic carbon.The best effects were observed in the bio-organic fertilizer treatments,which increased the contents of soil alkali hydrolysable nitrogen,phosphorus,potassium and organic carbon by 28.18%,54.81%,46.72%and 31.12%respectively,compared with CK.The metabolic activities of microorganisms were increased by mixed application of biochar and three organic fertilizers,which improved the utilization of phenolic acid carbon source and the utilization of carbohydrate carbon sources,compared with CK.In addition,mixed application of biochar and organic fertilizers reduced the population of fungi,increased the population of soil bacteria,actinomyces,bacteria/fungi and actinomycetes/fungi,and bio-organic fertilizers increased the population of soil bacteria and actinomyces by 192.45%and 45.77%respectively,compared with CK.The results of this study indicated that mixed application of biochar and organic fertilizers not only increased the contents of cinnamon soil available nutrients and organic carbon,but also increased functional diversity of microbial communities and microbial community structure of the soil and the bio-organic fertilizers had the optimal effects.
作者
许跃奇
阎海涛
王晓强
何晓冰
毛娟
徐放达
马文辉
常栋
XU Yueqi;YAN Haitao;WANG Xiaoqiang;HE Xiaobing;MAO Juan;XU Fangda;MA Wenhui;CHANG Dong(Pingdingshan Tobacco Company of Henan Tobacco Monopoly Bureau,Pingdingshan,Henan 467000,China)
出处
《中国烟草科学》
CSCD
北大核心
2020年第5期55-59,67,共6页
Chinese Tobacco Science
基金
青年人才托举工程资助项目“基于生物炭的植烟土壤改良效应及其微生态机理研究”(2017QNRC001)
河南省烟草公司科技专项“河南植烟土壤保育技术研发及模式构建与示范”(2018410000270036)
河南省烟草公司平顶山市公司重点科技攻关项目“上六片高端原料配方施肥技术研究”(PYKJ201802)。
关键词
生物炭
有机肥
养分
微生物功能多样性
褐土
biochar
organic fertilizer
nutrient content
microbial functional diversity
cinnamon soil
