摘要
为弥补现有年内展布法不适用于季节性河流和无法避免极端水文条件影响的不足,对现有的年内展布法进行了改进。基于河道天然径流资料,将一年划分为汛期和非汛期,选取多年各月具有90%保证率的各月平均流量和多年各月平均流量,计算汛期和非汛期的同期均值比,根据多年各月平均流量和同期均值比计算各月河道内基本生态环境需水量。以博阳河控制站梓坊水文站断面为例,将结果与规范推荐的最小月平均流量法、流量历时曲线法、Qp法、频率曲线法4种水文学法及传统的年内展布法比较,并用Tennant法进行评价。结果表明:改进的年内展布法与流量历时曲线法取90%保证率对应流量时,Tennant法评价结果一致,但是改进的年内展布法一般用水期各月河道内基本生态环境需水量变化趋势更接近各月多年平均流量,符合水文情势变化,能更好地满足各月生态环境需水,可用于季节性河流,弥补了传统年内展布法不适用于季节性河流的不足,同时避免极端水文情况的影响。这也说明改进的年内展布法评价结果好于其他方法的评价结果。
In order to remedy the deficiencies that the existing dynamic calculation method is not suitable for seasonal rivers and can not avoid the influence of extreme hydrology conditions,we make an amendment to the existing dynamic calculation method.Based on the natural runoff data of river course,one year was divided into flood season and non-flood season,the annual average monthly discharge with 90%guarantee rate and the annual average monthly discharge were selected to calculate the their ratio of the same period between flood season and non-flood season.Then this ratio was used calculate the ecological water demand in each month.Taking the section of Zifang Hydrologic Station of Boyang River as an example,results by the improved dynamic calculation method was compared with four hydrology methods of minimum monthly average flow method,namely the flow diachronic curve method,Qp method,frequency curve method,and traditional dynamic calculation method,and then evaluated by Tennant method.The results showed that the Tennant evaluation gives the same grade to the results by the improved dynamic calculation method and that by the flow diachronic curve method with 90%guarantee rate.However,the improved dynamic method obtained an environment water demand that is closer to the annual average discharge of each month,which is consistent with the change of nature hydrological regime and can better meet the ecological water demand of each month.The proposed method is suitable for seasonal rivers,which makes up for the deficiency that the traditional distribution method is not suitable for seasonal rivers and avoids the influence of extreme hydrology conditions.
作者
庄锦亮
廖海梅
曾德军
ZHUANG Jinliang;LIAO Haimei;ZENG Dejun(College of Water and Civil Engineering,Xichang University,Xichang 615000,China;College of Civil Engineering,Guizhou University,Guiyang 550025,China;Power China Guiyang Engineering Corporation Limited,Guiyang 550025,China)
出处
《人民长江》
北大核心
2020年第10期62-66,132,共6页
Yangtze River
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(11672068)
四川省教育厅自然科学科研项目(50180012)。
