摘要
为研究火源对人员疏散的影响,在现有场域模型的基础上进行扩展,结合元胞自动机提出1种考虑多出口吸引、人员从众行为与火源威胁3者耦合作用的场域疏散模型。此模型综合考虑心理和环境等因素,定量描述人员之间、人与环境之间的相互影响,将出口吸引、从众心理与火源威胁3个影响行人疏散决策的元素归一化,以静态场和动态场耦合作用确定的转移概率作为行人移动的准则。采用此模型,分别对火源位置、火源威胁范围扩散速度在疏散中的影响进行模拟研究。结果表明:模型在一定程度上能够反映火源威胁下行人的疏散过程,再现了行人躲避和趋众行为,能为火源威胁下行人疏散提供理论借鉴。
In order to study the influence of fire source on the personnel evacuation,the extension was carried out on the basis of existing floor field model,and a floor field evacuation model considering the coupling effect of multiple exits attraction,personnel herd behavior and fire source threat was proposed based on the cellular automata.In this model,the effect of some factors such as psychology and environment were taken into account comprehensively,besides,the interactions including people-people and people-environment were described quantitatively.What’s more,three factors that affected the evacuation decision of pedestrians including the exit attraction,herd mentality and fire source threat,were normalized,and the transition probability determined by the coupling effect of static field and dynamic field was taken as the criterion of pedestrians movement.By using this model,the influence of fire source location and the spread speed of fire source threat range on the evacuation was simulated and studied,respectively.The results showed that the model could reflect the evacuation process of pedestrians under the fire source threat to a certain extent,and the pedestrian avoidance behavior and herd behavior were reproduced.The research can provide theoretical reference for pedestrians evacuation under the fire source threat.
作者
陈长坤
孙华锴
童蕴贺
雷鹏
赵冬月
CHEN Changkun;SUN Huakai;TONG Yunhe;LEI Peng;ZHAO Dongyue(Institute of Disaster Prevention Science and Safety Technology,Central South University,Changsha Hunan 410075,China)
出处
《中国安全生产科学技术》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2020年第10期47-52,共6页
Journal of Safety Science and Technology
基金
国家重点研发计划项目(2017YFC0804900)
国家自然科学基金重大项目(71790613)。
关键词
场域模型
元胞自动机
火源
人员疏散
计算机仿真
floor field model
cellular automata
fire source
personnel evacuation
computer simulation
