摘要
针对弹簧优化设计中理论公式设计局限性大和有限元方法对多变量和多约束的优化设计效率低的问题,提出了一种考虑横截面形状和几何尺寸的弹簧优化的两步式策略。该策略利用密圈弹簧的理论计算公式结合多起点搜索方法对弹簧几何尺寸进行优化;采用有限元方法建立可以考虑截面形状变化的弹簧模型,用几何尺寸最优解为初值,采用零阶方法同时对截面形状和几何尺寸进行优化获得最优解。仿真结果表明:两步式策略能同时考虑横截面形状和几何尺寸进行弹簧优化设计,拓展了弹簧的设计范围;通过将两步式的优化策略结果与直接进行基于有限元方法的优化结果相比发现,优化时间减少了55.86%,两步式策略效率较高,降低了有限元优化的迭代次数;优化目标提高了14.31%,改善了出现局部最优解的情况。
Aiming at the limitation of theoretical formula design and the low efficiency of finite element method for multi-variable and multi-constraint optimization in spring optimization design,a two-step strategy for spring optimization considering section shape and geometry size is proposed.In the first step,geometry sizes of the spring is optimized with the helical spring theoretical formulae combined with the multi-start search algorithm.In the second step,a spring model considering cross-section shape is established by the finite element method.The optimal solution of geometry sizes is taken as the initial value,and the cross-section shape as well as geometry sizes are optimized by the zero-order method to acquire the optimal solution.Simulation results show that the two-step strategy can optimize the spring design by considering section shape and geometry size,expanding the design range of the spring.Compared with the results optimized directly based on FEM,the calculation time of the two-step optimization strategy is reduced by 55.86%,which shows that the two-step strategy is efficient to reduce the iterative number of FEM optimization.Optimization objective is increased by 14.31%,and the local optimal solution is improved.
作者
李重华
刘丰睿
叶振信
赵丽滨
LI Zhonghua;LIU Fengrui;YE Zhenxin;ZHAO Libin(School of Astronautics,Beihang University,Beijing 100191,China;Beijing Institute of Aerospace Systems Engineering,Beijing 100076,China)
出处
《西安交通大学学报》
EI
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2020年第11期74-80,共7页
Journal of Xi'an Jiaotong University
基金
国家自然科学基金资助项目(11702012,11772028,11872131)。
关键词
弹簧
优化设计
有限元方法
截面形状
几何尺寸
spring
optimal design
finite element method
section shape
geometry size
