摘要
近年来,世界各国对能源的需求及依赖日益剧增。与此同时,为了实现社会的可持续发展和生态系统的健康稳定,可再生能源及化学品受到了极大的关注。厌氧发酵系统可以在缓解废弃物对环境造成污染的同时生产生物燃料和化学品,逐渐成为一大研究热点。基于厌氧微生物的碳链延长生产中链脂肪酸(C 6-C 12),可比制备传统厌氧发酵产品(CH 4)获得更高的附加值,而与采用传统的化工方法生成中链脂肪酸相比可节省更多成本。中链脂肪酸可以通过短链有机酸的碳链延长得到,这个过程需要电子供体和电子受体的共同参与。电子供体作为驱动碳链延长的主要动力,其种类和性质会直接影响碳链延长的途径,最终产物的类型、产量和产率。因此,本文综述了乙醇、乳酸、H 2和CO等作为电子供体的链延伸机理、主要微生物和研究现状,并给出厌氧微生物利用不同电子供体实现碳链延长制取高附加值化学品的优缺点,提出有待解决的问题和发展前景。
In recent years,the world's energy demand and energy dependence have dramatically increased.As a result,in order to achieve sustainable development and a healthy ecosystem,renewable energy and chemicals production have attracted great attention.Anaerobic fermentation has been widely studied,since it can both alleviate environmental pollution and generate value-added chemicals.The medium chain fatty acids(C 6-C 12)produced by chain elongation with anaerobic microbes have higher added value than the product of traditional anaerobic fermentation(CH 4).Compared with traditional methods employed by the chemical industry,microbial chain elongation technology can reduce costs.Medium chain fatty acids can be obtained by extending the carbon chain of short chain organic acids,which requires both electron acceptors and electron donors.As the main driving force of chain elongation,the types and properties of electron donors directly affect the pathway of chain elongation,and the type and yield of the final products.In this review,the chain elongation mechanism,main microorganisms employed and recent research using ethanol,lactic acid,hydrogen and carbon monoxide as electron donors are discussed.The advantages and disadvantages of different electron donors for the production of high value-added chemicals by chain elongation are reviewed,and problems remaining to be solved and development prospects are summarized.
作者
刘昊鹏
刘超
王雯
刘广青
LIU HaoPeng;LIU Chao;WANG Wen;LIU GuangQing(Biomass Energy and Environmental Engineering Research Center,College of Chemical Engineering,Beijing University of Chemical Technology,Beijing 100029,China)
出处
《北京化工大学学报（自然科学版）》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2020年第5期1-17,共17页
Journal of Beijing University of Chemical Technology(Natural Science Edition)
基金
国家重点研发计划(2017YFE0133300)
北京市自然基金(8182040)
新疆兵团科技攻关项目(2018BC008)。
