摘要
非晶合金是一种新型亚稳金属材料,因其内部原子呈长程无序、短程有序的排列规律,使其展现出诸多优异的力学、物理和化学特性。自20世纪60年代诞生至今,一直备受材料学界和产业界的关注。在已开发的众多合金体系中,铁基非晶合金兼具高强度、高硬度、低成本、强耐蚀性以及良好软磁性能等特点,在结构材料和功能材料领域均具有广阔的应用前景。然而,相对较差的非晶形成能力和室温脆性严重制约了铁基非晶合金的广泛应用。为此,本文从铁基非晶合金形成规律(包括组元种类、制备工艺、原料纯度、成分设计等)和室温力学性能(主要涉及强度、塑韧性、成分与结构设计等)两方面进行了系统总结,重点分析了铁基非晶合金形成能力与室温力学性能的研究现状、影响因素以及改善方法,尤其是涵盖了本课题组在铁基非晶合金领域近10年来的最新研究成果,并对当前研究难点和未来发展进行了展望。
Amorphous alloy is a new kind of metastable metallic materials,which exhibits many excellent mechanical,physical and chemical properties due to its disordered structure.Since its birth in the 1960s,amorphous alloy has been attracting much attention from the materials field and the industry.Among the developed alloy systems,Fe-based amorphous alloys have the characteristics of high strength,high hardness,relatively low production cost,strong corrosion resistance and excellent soft magnetic properties,hence have a broad application prospect in the field of structural materials and functional materials.However,the relatively weak glass-forming ability and room temperature brittleness seriously restrict the wide application of Fe-based amorphous alloys.Based on this,the two aspects of the Fe-base amorphous alloy was reviewed in the present article,which covers the glass forming rule(including components types,preparation technology,raw material purity,composition design,etc.)and room-temperature mechanical properties(involving strength,toughness,composition and structure design,etc.).The research status,influencing factors and improved methods of glass-forming ability and room temperature mechanical properties of Fe-based amorphous alloys were emphatically analyzed,especially the latest research results of our group in the field of Fe-base amorphous alloy in nearly a decade were covered.In addition,the current difficulties in research and the future development of Fe-based amorphous alloys were also prospected.
作者
刘天豪
郭胜锋
LIU Tian-hao;GUO Sheng-feng(School of Materials and Energy,Southwest University,Chongqing 400715,China)
出处
《材料工程》
EI
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2020年第11期46-57,共12页
Journal of Materials Engineering
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(51671162,51301142)
中央高校基本科研业务费资助项目(XDJK2019B062)
重庆市自然科学基金项目(cstc2019jcyj-msxmX0059)。
关键词
铁基非晶合金
非晶形成能力
力学性能
脆性
Fe-based amorphous alloy
glass-formation ability
mechanical property
brittleness
