摘要
新一轮厕所革命在中央部署、省负总责、县抓落实的工作机制下取得了明显成效。但是,在政府眼中农户存在认识不深、积极性不强、参与度不高等问题,同样,在上级和群众眼里基层政府也出现了工作方式简单、搞行政命令、大包大揽等情况。乡村厕所革命,从技术扩散看,是一个政府部署与农民接受双向趋同的传播过程;从公共治理看,是政府与农户行为互动、利益平衡的治理过程。由此我们提出,政府在深化厕所革命中要力戒运动式治理,不要一味地追求改厕数量的直线上升,要积极吸纳农户、企业、社会参与,进行多方协同治理。从西方经典扩散理论来考察乡村厕所革命,其中存在理论与中国治理经验相适与不适问题,一是党的领导与公共治理的关系,二是扩散曲线"S"形走势的异同,三是扩散系统的中心化与非中心化。深化乡村厕所革命,必须遵从乡村公共治理的逻辑走向,不仅要从国家的视角,更要从社会的视角来观察和分析乡村治理体制下政府与农民权利的互动与平衡,达到协同共治的目的。
The new round of“toilet revolution”has achieved remarkable results under the working mechanism of central government deployment,provincial overall accountability and county-level implementation.However,the government thinks that some problems still exist such as farmers’lack of understanding,enthusiasm and participation,to some extent.Likewise,the superiors and the masses believe the grass-roots government also has some problems,such as simple working methods,administrative orders and large-scale work.From the perspective of technology diffusion,the rural“toilet revolution”is a communication process of two-way convergence between government deployment and farmers’acceptance;from the perspective of public governance,it is a governance process of behaviors interaction and rights balance between government and farmers.Therefore,the author proposes that the government,in deepening the“toilet revolution”,should abstain from movement governance,blindly pursue the straight-line increase in the number of toilets to be changed,actively absorb the participation of farmers,enterprises and society,and carry out multi-party’s collaborative governance.This paper examines the rural“toilet revolution”from the viewpoint of the western classical diffusion theory and points out three problems about the adaptability of theory and Chinese governance experience:the Party’s leadership and public governance:similarities and differences of the diffusion curve’s zigzagging trend;the centralization and decentralization of the diffusion system.In the process of deepening the rural“toilet revolution”,the logical trend of rural public governance must be followed.From the national and social perspectives,interaction and rights’balance between the government and farmers must be observed and analyzed under the rural governance system,so as to achieve the purpose of collaborative governance.
作者
刘彦武
Liu Yanwu(Party School for Sichuan Provincial Departments,Chengdu,Sichuan,610017)
出处
《重庆社会科学》
CSSCI
2020年第11期119-131,F0002,共14页
Chongqing Social Sciences
基金
国家社会科学基金西部项目“多元主体参与的基层协商治理机制研究”(16XZZ011)。
关键词
厕所革命
农户
政府
创新扩散
基层治理
“toilet revolution”
farmers
government
innovative diffusion
grass-roots governance
