摘要
目的了解本地区2018年至2019年甲型流感流行情况,为甲型流感防控提供科学依据。方法回顾性分析2018年1月至2019年12月S160例疑似流感惠者的临床资料,分析其流行病学、临床特征和实验室检查特点。结果5160例疑似流感患者中甲型流感1204例(23.33%),性别差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);2018至2019年本地区甲型流感主要集中在15~24岁组;6~14岁组和0~5岁组次之(P<0.05)。在流行时间分布上,2018年1-3月份甲型流感阳性率高于同年其他月份,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);2019年1~3月份及12月份甲型流感阳性率高于同年其他月份(P<0.05);甲型流感患者发热、恶心呕吐、咳嗽、肌肉酸痛等临床症状2019年与2018年比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);并发症肺炎,2019年和2018年比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);实验室检查2019年和2018年比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论丽水市甲型流感呈现季节峰,冬春季高发,且有提前趋势;重要防控人群为青年少年及学龄前儿童。针对本地区流行季节特点,需要进一步完善相关检测,提高流感疫苗的接种率,以利于在不同季节流行进行有效防控。
Objective To provide scientific basis for infuenza A prevention and control by investigating the prevalence of influenza A in this region from 2018 to 2019.Methods The clinical data of 5160 patients with suspected infuenza from January 2018 to December 2019 were retrospectively analyzed,and their epidemiology,clinical characteristics and laboratory charcteristics were analyzed.Results Among the 5160 suspected influenza patients,1204 cases were diagnosed infuenza A(23.33%),and there was no significant dfference(P>0.05)in gender.From 2018 to 2019,infuenza A in this region was mainly concentrated in the 15~24 year old group,fllowed by the 6~14 age group and then the 0~5 age group(P<0.05).In terms of epidemic time distribution,the positive nte of influenza A fom January to March was signifcandly higher(P<0.05)than that of other months in 2018;the positive rate of infuenza A from January to March and December were significanly higher(P<0.05)than that of other months in 2019.Clinical symptoms such as fever,nausea,vomiting,cough,and muscle aches in patients with influenza A were significantly different between 2019 and 2018(P<0.05).Complicated pneumonia was significantly different between 2019 and 2018(P<0.05).There was no staistically significant diference in laboratory examination berween 2019 and 2018(P>0.05),Conclusions Infuenza A in Lishui City presents a seasonal peak,with a high incidence in winter and spring,and there is an advance trend.The young adolescents and preschool children should be focused on prevention from Influenza A.In view of the characteristics of the epidemic season in this region,it is necessary to further improve relevant examination and increase the rate of vaccination to facilitate ffective prevention and control of Influenza A in different seasons.
出处
《浙江临床医学》
2020年第11期1676-1678,共3页
Zhejiang Clinical Medical Journal
基金
浙江省丽水市公益研究项目(2017GYX12)。
关键词
甲型流感
流行病学
临床特征
预防
Influenza A
Epidemiology
Clinical characteristics
Prevention
