摘要
为寻找减轻三江源区高寒草甸放牧压力的有效途径,在玛沁县大武镇牧草开始返青到家畜转场的春季放牧期间,进行了为期50 d的返青期休牧试验。结果表明:通过连续两年的返青期休牧,草地群落的地上总植物量显著增加,休牧第1年和第2年草地地上总植物量分别为105.9 g/m^2和175.6 g/m^2,较对照分别增加67.43%和82.95%,其中禾本科、莎草科和阔叶型可食草的地上植物量显著增加(P<0.05),而毒害草的地上植物量在休牧第2年较对照降低44.39%;休牧显著提高了禾本科牧草的株高(P<0.05),休牧使草地群落的总盖度显著增加,较对照分别增加33.16%和36.63%。返青期休牧可以促进三江源区退化高寒草甸的地上植被恢复,并为优化放牧制度提供有效措施。
In order to find an effective way to reduce the grazing pressure of alpine meadow in the Sangjiangyuan area,a 50-day experiment of rest grazing has been conducted during the period of spring grazing from grass returning to green to livestock transferring in Dawu town of Maqin coun-ty.The results show that total aboveground biomass of grassland community increases significantly af-ter two consecutive years of rest grazing.In the first and second year of rest grazing,the total aboveground biomass of grassland is 105.9 g/m^2 and 175.6 g/m^2 respectively,which increases by 67.43%and 82.95%.The aboveground biomass of Gramineae,Cyperaceae and broad-leaved edi-ble grasses shows a notable increasing(P<0.05),while that of poisonous weeds decreases by 44.39%in the second year;rest grazing greatly increases the plant height(P<0.05)and the total coverage of grassland community,which increases by 33.16%and 36.63%respectively.The results show that rest grazing can promote the aboveground vegetation restoration of degraded alpine meadow and provide effective measures for optimizing grazing system.
作者
周选博
王晓丽
马玉寿
王彦龙
罗少辉
秦金萍
谢乐乐
ZHOU Xuanbo;WANG Xiaoli;MA Yushou;WANG Yanlong;LUO Shaohui;QIN Jinping;XIE Lele(Academy of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine,Qinghai University,Xining 810016,China)
出处
《青海大学学报》
2020年第6期1-8,共8页
Journal of Qinghai University
基金
科技部国家重点研发计划项目(2016YFC0501904)
青海省科学技术厅项目(2018-SF-137
2018-ZJ-939Q)
国家自然科学基金项目(31700454)
关键词
三江源区
高寒草甸
返青期休牧
植被特征
Sangjiangyuan area
alpine meadow
rest grazing in the recovering stage
vegetation characteristics
