摘要
采用田间试验方法开展10种除草剂在直播稻田的杀草谱、防除杂草效果及对水稻的安全性评价研究。药后28 d调查结果表明:9%氰氟·嘧啶肟ME 13.5 g a.i.∕hm2、9.5%丙嗪嘧磺隆SC+10%氰氟草酯EC(71.25+90)g a.i.∕hm2对稻田稗、千金子、水苋菜属、丁香蓼、异型莎草、水三棱等杂草的株数防效分别为93.18%—100%、70.21%—100%;3%氯氟吡啶酯EC+10%氰氟草酯EC(27+90)g a.i.∕hm2对丁香蓼的防效较差,对其余杂草的株数防效为92.66%—100%;75%氯吡嘧磺隆WG+10%恶唑·氰氟EC(45+225)g a.i.∕hm2对水苋菜属杂草效果较差,对其余杂草的株数防效为92.70%—100%。10%恶唑·氰氟EC 225 g a.i.∕hm2对稗、千金子有特效,株数防效高达97.77%—99.65%;2%双唑草腈GR 210 g a.i.∕hm2对稗和千金子防效优异,株数防效达95.19%—99.19%,还对水苋菜、异型莎草防效优异;6%三唑磺草酮OD 225 g a.i.∕hm2对稗和千金子的防效优良,株数防效为87.51%—99.29%,但对莎草科杂草和阔叶杂草效果差。75%氯吡嘧磺隆WG 45 g a.i.∕hm2对丁香蓼、异型莎草和水三棱等杂草株数防效高达97.03%—100%。19%氟酮磺草胺SC 28.5 g a.i.∕hm2对千金子和水苋菜属杂草无效,但对稗、丁香蓼、异型莎草和水三棱的株数防效高达94.76%—100%;33%嗪吡嘧磺隆WG 99 g a.i.∕hm2对千金子无效,对水三棱效果较差,但对稗、水苋菜属、丁香蓼和异型莎草的株数防效为80.96%—100%。药后14 d对水稻的安全性评价结果显示,33%嗪吡嘧磺隆WG、6%三唑磺草酮OD处理对水稻株高和植株鲜重有一定抑制,9.5%丙嗪嘧磺隆SC+10%氰氟草酯EC、75%氯吡嘧磺隆WG及其复配剂、19%氟酮磺草胺SC各处理都对株高有一定抑制,但至分蘖期均可恢复正常。
Field experiment was conducted to detect the herbicidal spectrum,weed control effect and rice safety evaluation of 10 herbicides in direct seeding rice fields.The results of 28 days treatment showed that 9%cyhalofop-butyl·pyribenzoxim ME 13.5 g a.i.∕hm2 and 9.5%propyrisulfuron SC 71.25 g a.i.∕hm2+10%cyhalofop-butyl EC 90 g a.i.∕hm2 had 93.18%—100%and 70.21%—100%control effects on Echinochloa crusgalli,Leptochloa chinensis,Ammannia spp.,Ludwigia prostrata,Cyperus difformis and Juncellus serotinus respectively.The control effect of 3%florpyrauxifen-benzyl EC 27 g a.i.∕hm2+10%cyhalofop-butyl 90 g a.i.∕hm2 on Ludwigia prostrata was poor,while was 92.66%—100%on other weeds.The control effect of 75%halosulfuron-methyl WG 45 g a.i.∕hm2+10%metamifop·cyhalofop-butyl 225 g a.i.∕hm2 on Ammannia spp was less effective,but the control effects on other weeds was 92.70%—100%.10%etamifop·cyhalofop-butyl EC 225 g a.i.∕hm2 had special control effects on Echinochloa crusgalli and Leptochloa chinensis,and the control effects reached 97.77%—99.65%.2%pyraclonil GR 210 g a.i.∕hm2 not only had excellent control effects of 95.19%—99.19%on Echinochloa crusgalli and Leptochloa chinensis,but also had excellent control effects on Ammannia spp.and Cyperus difformis.6%triazosulfuron OD 225 g a.i.∕hm2 had excellent control effects of 87.51%—99.29%on Echinochloa crusgalli and Leptochloa chinensis,but had poor control effect on Cyperaceae weeds and broad-leaved weeds.The control effects of 75%halosulfuron-methyl WG 45 g a.i.∕hm2 on Ludwigia prostrata,Cyperus difformis and Juncellus serotinus was up to 97.03%—100%.19%triafamone SC 28.5 g a.i.∕hm2 had no control effects on Leptochloa chinensis and Ammannia spp.,but the control effects on Echinochloa crusgalli,Ludwigia prostrata,Cyperus difformis and Juncellus serotinus was 94.76%—100%.33%metazosulfuron WG 99 g a.i.∕hm2 had no control effects on Leptochloa chinensis and had poor control effect on Juncellus serotinus.The control effects of 33%metazosulfuron WG 99 g a.i.∕hm2 on Echinochloa crusgalli,Ammannia spp.,Ludwigia prostrata and Cyperus difformis was 80.96%—100%.The results of 14 days treatment showed that although 33%metazosulfuron WG and 6%triazosulfurone OD had some inhibition on plant height and fresh weight of rice,9.5%propyrisulfuron SC+10%cyhalofop-butyl EC,75%halosulfuron-methyl WG with its mixture and 19%triafamone SC all had some inhibition on plant height of rice,that could return to normal growth at tillering stage.
作者
田志慧
袁国徽
高萍
TIAN Zhihui;YUAN Guohui;GAO Ping(Eco-environmental Protection Research Institute,Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Shanghai 201403,China)
出处
《上海农业学报》
2020年第6期79-84,共6页
Acta Agriculturae Shanghai
基金
上海市科技创新行动计划(16391901800)
上海市科技兴农推广项目[沪农科推字(2018)第1-1号]
国家科技重大专项(2017ZX07202004-004)
上海市农业科学院卓越团队项目[农科创2018(B-01)]。
关键词
直播稻
除草剂
防除效果
安全性
Direct seeding rice
Herbicide
Control effect
Safety
