摘要
在全球液化天然气(LNG)市场供需形势变化的背景下,LNG贸易双方地位发生互换。为了给我国LNG贸易企业业务开展及合同签订等提供参考、防控LNG贸易合同可能存在的风险,采用全球LNG产业特点变化到贸易合同演变及其应对的递推分析方法,系统分析了传统LNG贸易合同的特点、全球LNG产业近期呈现的新特点,以及LNG贸易合同的发展趋势,进而提出了有针对性的建议。研究结果表明:①国际石油公司建立资源池供应模式,卖方供应稳定性增强;②因允许更加灵活的贸易方式,FOB贸易模式受到买方欢迎;③新签合同在合同期限和合同量上呈现缓慢恢复的趋势;④亚太地区加快形成基于本地市场供求的合同定价机制。为有效防控LNG贸易合同风险,建议买方在新形势下应关注并做好新签合同条款设计、既有合同复议、中短期合同采购及合同数字化转型等。
Under the background that some supply-demand situations in the global market of liquefied natural gas(LNG)change,LNG trading parties exchange in status.In order to provide reference on business development and contract sign⁃ing for domestic enterprises and to control possible risks in trade contracts,some characteristics of traditional LNG trade contracts,the latest characteristics of global LNG industry,and the development trend of LNG trade contracts were system⁃atically analyzed on the basis of the change of global LNG industrial characteristics,the evolution of trade contracts,and the corresponding recurrence analysis method.And then,several suggestions were made.Results show that(1)international oil companies establish the resource pool supply mode and seller’supply stability is enhanced;(2)FOB trade model is popular among buyers because it allows more flexible trade modes;(3)newly signed contracts present the trend of recover⁃ing slowly in the contract period and quantity;and(4)contract-pricing mechanism based on supply-demand in local mar⁃ket is accelerated to form in the Asia-Pacific Region.In conclusion,in order to effectively avoid risks arousing in LNG trade contracts,it is necessary to pay attention to and do well in the design of newly signed contracts under new situations,including contract consideration,medium-and short-term contracts,and contract digitalization.
作者
高振
黄辉
赵思思
李媛
张佳宁
郭艺
Gao Zhen;Huang Hui;Zhao Sisi;Li Yuan;Zhang Jianing;Guo Yi(CNOOC Gas&Power Group Co.,Ltd.,Beijing 100028,China)
出处
《天然气技术与经济》
2020年第6期63-66,84,共5页
Natural Gas Technology and Economy
关键词
LNG
贸易
合同模式
贸易方式
Liquefied natural gas(LNG),Trade
Contract model
Trade mode
