摘要
气候变化是全球面临的重大现实风险,保险业兼具损失补偿和资金融通功能,应当更加关注和积极应对气候变化。本文首先阐述了气候变化给保险业带来的影响;然后梳理了保险业针对气候变化采取的适应举措,包括追踪和使用最新科学成果、建设公司治理机制、整合风险管理框架、进行压力情景分析、调整业务结构和设计保单、借助公共部门的力量以及开展信息披露等;进而分析了保险业如何发挥减缓气候变化风险的作用,包括积极承保气候变化风险、发展节能减排领域的保险、发挥费率机制的激励作用、提升政府在气候变化中对脆弱群体的帮扶效率、投资时承担环境责任以及输出知识技术等。最后,本文提出相关建议:基于“稳定”目标,应更加着眼长期,将气候变化风险纳入审慎监管框架,实施统一的气候变化压力情景分析,并加强信息披露;基于“发展”目标,应统筹建设数据库和方法论,开发针对气候变化的两种“分类法”,促进节能减排领域的承保和投资,同时积极参与国际合作和治理。
Climate change is a material and realistic risk that the whole world is facing.The insurance sector is of great size and has loss compensation function and financing function,so it should pay attention to and tackle the climate change issue effectively.First,this paper conducts an analysis on the influence of climate change on the insurance sector.Second,this paper analyzes insurance sector's"adaptation"to climate change,including the trace and use of recent scientific gains,construction of corporate governance mechanism,integration into insurers'risk management framework,performing stressful scenario analysis,adjustment of business structure and design of policies,gaining support from the public department as well as the implementation of information disclosure.Third,this paper analyzes insurance sector's"mitigation"to climate change,which consists of the underwriting the climate-related loss,development of the insurance in emerging fields,use of the incentive function in the rate system,improvement of government's supporting efficiency for the vulnerable groups in climate change background,undertaking responsibility in investment business as well as output of knowledge and skills.Finally,starting from the"stability"target,we should be more long-term orientated,incorporate climate change risk into the prudential regulatory framework,built a uniform procedure for stressful scenario analysis on climate change and strengthen the information disclosure.Meanwhile,starting from the"development"target of insurance supervision,we should build the database and methodology,develop two taxonomies for climate change,promote underwriting and investment in the field of energy conservation and environmental protection,and actively take part in international cooperation and governance.
出处
《金融监管研究》
CSSCI
北大核心
2020年第11期46-61,共16页
Financial Regulation Research
基金
国家社会科学基金青年项目“保险系统性风险的形成演变、外溢效应及审慎监管研究”的资助,项目编号:18CJY063。
