摘要
无创通气(NIV)是通过面罩、鼻罩或头盔实施的呼吸支持。空气通常是在正压下通过面罩吸入的,空气中通常含有氧气;通常压力的大小取决于某人是在吸气还是呼气。它被称为“非侵入性”是因为它是用一个紧紧贴在脸上或头上的面罩,但不需要气管插管。尽管在接口方面有相似之处,但NIV与持续气道正压通气(CPAP)不同,后者在整个呼吸循环中应用单一水平的气道正压通气。无创通气用于许多疾病引起的急性呼吸衰竭,最突出的是慢性阻塞性肺疾病(COPD);大量研究表明,适当使用NIV可减少有创通气的需要及其并发症。此外,它还可以长期用于那些由于慢性疾病而不能自主呼吸的人群。本文对近年来无创呼吸机在呼吸系统疾病的应用进展作一简要综述。
Noninvasive ventilation(NIV)is a kind of respiratory support implemented by face mask,nose mask or helmet.Air is usually inhaled through a mask under positive pressure,which usually contains oxygen;usually the pressure depends on whether someone is inhaling or exhaling.It’s called"non-invasive"because it uses a mask that sticks tightly to the face or head,but does not require an endotracheal tube.Although there are similarities in the interface,NIV is different from continuous positive airway pressure(CPAP),which uses a single level of positive airway pressure throughout the respiratory cycle.Noninvasive ventilation is used in acute respiratory failure caused by many diseases,the most prominent is chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD);a large number of studies have shown that the appropriate use of NIV can reduce the need for invasive ventilation and its complications.In addition,it can also be used for people who can’t breathe autonomously due to chronic diseases for a long time.This paper reviews the application of noninvasive ventilator in respiratory diseases in recent years.
作者
刘刚
LIU Gang(Department of Emergency,Wuqing District People’s Hospital of Tianjin,Tianjin 301700)
出处
《中国医疗器械信息》
2021年第2期22-23,共2页
China Medical Device Information
关键词
无创呼吸机
呼吸系统疾病
进展
noninvasive ventilator
respiratory diseases
progress
