摘要
鉴于员工创造力波动对于绩效提高与环境适应产生重要影响,采用经验取样方法对116名员工进行持续5个工作日追踪,以探讨日常睡眠质量与创造力关系的变化及其影响因素。多层次分析结果表明(1)员工日常睡眠质量正向预测创造力;(2)员工尽职人格对睡眠质量与创造力之间的正相关具有跨层次正向调节作用,与尽职人格低水平员工相比,尽职人格高水平员工的日常睡眠质量与创造力之间的正相关更强;(3)工作不确定作为环境因素会改变尽职人格对日常睡眠质量与创造力关系的预测,相对其他条件,低工作不确定、高尽职人格对于日常睡眠质量与员工创造力之间关系的正向调节作用明显。组织提高员工创造力需要以自我控制消耗理论和创造力成分理论为指导,积极关注员工睡眠质量的作用,也需关注员工尽职人格及工作不确定因素的影响。
Sleep is essential to human lives. Good sleep quality not only replenishes employees’ resources, but also improves employee self-control. However, studies show that insomnia negatively affects creativity via inhibiting divergent thinking activities and that poor night sleep also positively affects creativity activities. One possible reason for the inconsistency of those existing conclusions is that the examination in the link of sleep activities with employee creativity lacks the common theoretical basis. By integrating self-control resource depletion theory with componential theory of creativity, this study examined the cross-level moderation effect of employees’ conscientiousness, work uncertainty experiences, and their interaction in the relation of daily sleep quality with daily employee creativity. Specifically, this study proposed and tested a moderation model via collecting data from 116 employees in five consecutive workdays using an empirical sampling method. At Phase 1 of data collection, after participants agreed to take part in this study, they filled a general questionnaire including gender, age, years of work and education, as well as two questionnaires separately measuring employees’ conscientiousness and work uncertainty experiences. Two weeks after the end of Phase 1, Phase 2 starts(daily survey lasting for 1 week, 5 working days), in which participants were asked to complete the morning and afternoon survey, respectively. Participants reported their nightly sleep quality at 8:30 am, and daily job creativity at 4:00 pm(before the end of workdays).The results of multilevel path analysis showed that(1) Employees’ daily sleep quality was positively related to their job creativity;(2) The interaction of employees’ conscientiousness and job uncertainty at between-level made cross-level negative moderation effect in the relationship between daily sleep quality and daily job creativity. Relative to high level of job uncertainty, individuals who had low level of job uncertainty and high level of conscientiousness could strongly perceive the effect of daily sleep quality on work creativity. That is, the proposed moderation model with two moderators involving conscientiousness and work uncertainty was supported. This study demonstrates that good sleep quality can improve employees’ daily creativity, which depends on their conscientiousness and work uncertainty. The findings show that when the organizations aim to improve employee creativity, they need to note that the conscientiousness and work uncertainty experiences can jointly moderate the effect of sleep quality on employee creativity, which suggests the complexity to enhance employee creativity. This research enriches the literature of sleep quality and employees’ creativity. However, potential limitations of such findings need to ne noted. First, common method biases may exaggerate the correlation strength of variables. Although significant cross-level interactions reduce the concerns of common method bias to a certain extent, future research can use multiple time points and multiple sources of data(leaders evaluate employee creativity) to explore the hypotheses. Second, future research can start from other possible theoretical models, such as emotional event theory, in order to fully explain the relationship among the research variables. Third, future research should extend the research breadth and depth and introduce team-and organization-level variables to fully capture the relationship between employees’ daily sleep quality and creativity.
作者
李宏利
段锦云
金云霞
Li Hongli;Duan Jinyun;Jin Yunxia(Department of Psychology,Soochow University,Suzhou,215123;School of Psychology,East China Normal University,Shanghai,200062)
出处
《心理科学》
CSSCI
CSCD
北大核心
2020年第6期1456-1462,共7页
Journal of Psychological Science
关键词
睡眠质量
创造力
尽职人格
工作不确定
sleep quality
creativity
conscientiousness
work uncertainty experiences
