摘要
我国酿酒技术历史悠久,可追溯至夏朝的杜康酒。加之当代餐桌文化发展迅速,推杯换盏很是常见。但是酒精摄入过多易造成酒精性肝脏损伤,轻则腹痛、静脉栓塞,重则低血糖、脂肪栓塞、昏迷休克甚至危害生命。葛根性凉味甘辛,有解表退热,生津、透疹、解酒等多种功能,最早记载于《神农本草经》,自古以来被中医列为解酒专药,如古医书《本草纲目》等记载称葛根具有解酒保肝之功效。葛根具有悠久的药食两用历史,国家卫生健康委员会公布的《既是食品又是药品的物品名单》将之列入其中,因此有多种含葛根解酒护肝产品上市。在此前,就已经有众多学者对葛根解酒的功效进行了相关研究,但缺乏系统地归纳总结,笔者查阅了近几年国内外相关文献,对葛根解酒的主要成分、作用机制及相关产品进行归纳总结,发现葛根解酒主要成分除了葛根素、葛根总黄酮和葛根多糖外,还有葛根多肽及葛根黄豆苷元及其衍生物;其主要机制有抑制酒精吸收、加快酒精代谢、抗氧化作用、保护肝脏与心肌细胞以及神经保护作用;相关产品种类丰富、评价良好;但相关基因方面的研究有待加深。该文对葛根解酒的主要成分、作用机制及相关产品进行综述,并对未来研究方向提出建议,期望为日后相关研究提供参考。
With advanced brewing technology and contemporary table culture,alcohol drinking,which can be traced back to Dukang wine in the Xia dynasty,is very common in China. However,excessive alcohol intake can easily cause alcohol liver damage,ranging from abdominal pain and venous thrombosis to severe hypoglycemia and fat embolism,coma shock and even life-threatening cases. Puerariae Lobatae Radix has a cool property and sweet taste,with functions of antipyretic,promoting the secretion of saliva or body fluid,rash and hangover alleviation,and so on. It was first recorded in Shen Nong’s Materia Medica and has been listed as a special anti-alcoholic medicine in traditional Chinese medicine since ancient times. For example,the ancient medical book Compendium of Materia Medica and other records claim that Puerariae Lobatae Radix has the effect of relieving alcohol and protecting the liver. At the same time,Puerariae Lobatae Radix has a long history in both medicine and food. It was listed in the List of Articles That Both Serve as Food and Medicine published by the National Health Commission. Therefore,there are many products containing pueraria for hangover and liver protection. Prior to this,many scholars have carried out relevant researches on the anti-alcoholism efficacy of Puerariae Lobatae Radix,but there is a lack of systematic summaries. The author has consulted relevant domestic and foreign literatures in recent years. The related products were summarized and it was found that the anti-alcoholic effect of pueraria root mainly came from puerarin, pueraria flavonoids and pueraria polysaccharide,puerarin polypeptide,pueraria daidzein and its derivatives,including the main mechanisms such as inhibiting alcohol absorption, accelerating metabolism, anti-oxidation, protection of liver and cardiomyocytes,and neuroprotection. Related products are abundant and well evaluated,but research on related genes needs to be deepened. This article reviews the main anti-alcoholic components,mechanism of action and related products of pueraria,and puts forward suggestions for future research directions,hoping to provide reference for further related research.
作者
管咏梅
许攀
沈倩
姜鄂
陈丽华
朱卫丰
吴文婷
臧振中
GUAN Yong-mei;XU Pan;SHEN Qian;JIANG E;CHEN Li-hua;ZHU Wei-feng;WU Wen-ting;ZANG Zhen-zhong(Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine Preparation,Ministry of Education,Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Nanchang 330004,China)
出处
《中国实验方剂学杂志》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2021年第2期210-217,共8页
Chinese Journal of Experimental Traditional Medical Formulae
基金
国家重点研发计划重点专项(2017YFC1702905)。
关键词
葛根
解酒
主要成分
作用机制
相关产品
Puerariae Lobatae Radix
anti-alcoholism
main ingredients
mechanism of action
related products
