摘要
大豆黄卷始载于《神农本草经》,具有悠久的食用和药用历史。历代医家记载大豆黄卷多为黑豆发芽的产物,也有医家认为黄豆、黑豆均可或只用黄豆发芽,及至现代则以黄豆、黑豆混用为主。南北朝之前,大豆黄卷发芽工艺多为土培,其后流行水培发芽;其药用部位可能也随之由最初的地上部分转变为包括大豆和芽体在内的整体。历代工艺均以发芽的长短控制大豆黄卷的炮制终点,但古今对芽长的认识存在差异。唐代以前临方多生用大豆黄卷,自唐代开始出现多种多样的后续炮制品种。历代医家皆认为大豆黄卷性平味甘,无毒,主流多认为其归脾、肺、胃经,但对大豆黄卷的发汗解表之功效亦有不同认识。该文系统梳理大豆黄卷的本草古籍,探究其在历代本草中的发展演变,归纳总结药名、炮制沿革、性味功用和品质评价等内容,以期正本清源,为大豆黄卷的合理应用和进一步开发奠定基础。
Sojae Semen Germinatum was firstly recorded in Shennong Bencaojing,and it has a long history of edible and medicinal use. Most ancient medical practitioners described that Sojae Semen Germinatum was processed with black soya bean,while some others recorded that Sojae Semen Germinatum was processed with black soya bean and soybean or with soybean only. In modern times,black soya bean and soybean are both used. Before the Northern and Southern dynasties,the germination process of Sojae Semen Germinatum was mostly soil culture,and then changed into water culture later. The medicinal part of Sojae Semen Germinatum may also change from the initial aboveground part to the whole processed products including the soybean and the bud. The bud length was used to control the processing ending of Sojae Semen Germinatum,but there were different views of the bud length in ancient and modern times. Before the Tang dynasty, Sojae Semen Germinatum was mostly used directly. Since the Tang dynasty,various subsequent processed products of Sojae Semen Germinatum appeared. Most ancient medical practitioners confirmed that Sojae Semen Germinatum was sweet flavor,neutral in nature and non-toxic,and the mainstream believed that it belonged to the spleen,lung and stomach meridians. However,there were different opinions on its efficacy of relieving exterior syndrome by diaphoresis. In this paper,the evolution of Sojae Semen Germinatum was explored after consulting all kinds of ancient books, its historical name, processing history, quality evaluation and others were systematically summarized in order to clarify its historical development and lay a good foundation for the clinical use and further development of Sojae Semen Germinatum.
作者
陈红
符纯清
关怀
马莉
王满元
仇峰
CHEN Hong;FU Chun-qing;GUAN Huai;MA Li;WANG Man-yuan;QIU Feng(School of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Capital Medical University,Beijing 100069,China)
出处
《中国实验方剂学杂志》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2021年第2期242-250,共9页
Chinese Journal of Experimental Traditional Medical Formulae
基金
国家自然科学基金面上项目(81573682)
北京市中医管理局中药炮制传承基地建设项目。
关键词
大豆黄卷
本草考证
药名
炮制工艺
性味功用
品质评价
芽长
Sojae Semen Germinatum
herbal textual research
name of medicinal material
processing technology
nature
taste and function
quality evaluation
bud length
