摘要
【目的】本文分析了大豆开花前受不同光周期处理后各农艺性状的光周期敏感性,为大豆光周期敏感性的遗传分析和广适性遗传育种提供依据。【方法】以3份不同大豆资源为试验材料,在东阳基地和祁县基地两点种植并进行开花前不同光周期处理,利用方差分析,相关性分析,主成分分析和光周期相对敏感度分析4种方法评价大豆18个农艺性状的光周期敏感性。【结果】大豆开花前不同光周期处理对大多数农艺性状均有影响,株高、有效分枝数、主茎节数、三粒荚、单株有效荚数、单株总荚数、单株粒数和单株粒重等性状在遮光后的短光周期条件下显著低于正常长光周期(P<0.01),同时发现不同大豆材料同一性状对光周期敏感性也不相同。通过相关性分析研究发现在遮光后短光周期条件下和正常长光周期条件下大多数性状间呈现显著或者极显著相关性,同一性状在不同光周期条件下也存在一定的显著或者极显著相关性。主成分分析发现不管在遮光后短光周期条件下和正常长光周期条件下,大豆的18个农艺性状均可以被前6个相对独立的主成分代表约84%多的信息。比较3份大豆材料不同农艺性状的光周期敏感度,发现株高光周期敏感度最强,其次是三粒荚,有效分枝数,主茎节数,单株粒重,一粒荚,四粒荚等。【结论】大豆是一个短日照且对光周期敏感的农作物,其中株高,有效分枝数,主茎节数,三粒荚和单株粒重5个农艺性状表现出较稳定和较强的光周期敏感性,可以作为大豆光周期敏感性育种评价指标。
【Objective】This paper aimed to understand the photoperiod sensitivity of agronomic traits by different pre-flowering photoperiod and was a basis research for the genetic analysis of photoperiod sensitivity and the genetic breeding of wide adaptability in soybean.【Method】Three different soybean materials were planted in two different regions(dongyang and qixian)with different photoperiod conditions at pre-flowering,then the photoperiod sensitivity of 18 agronomic traits was evaluated by using four methods(variance analysis,correlation analysis,principal component analysis and photoperiod relative sensitivity analysis).【Result】The most agronomic traits were affected by different photoperiod treatments pre-flowering in soybean,such as plant height,available branches,nodes of main stem,three pods number,effecitve pods per plant,whole pod number,whole seed number and seed weight per plant,which were significantly lower in short photoperiod after shading than in the normal long photoperiod(P<0.01),at the same time,it was found that the same traits of different soybean materials had different sensitivity to photoperiod.Correlation analysis revealed that the most traits showed significant or extremely significant correlation under the condition of short photoperiod after shading and normal long photoperiod,also the same trait had some significant or extremely significant correlation under different photoperiod conditions.Principal component analysis displayed that under both the short photoperiod condition after shading and the long photoperiod condition,all the 18 agronomic traits of soybean could be represented by more than 84%information of the first 6 relatively independent principal components.By comparing the photoperiod sensitivity of three soybean materials with different agronomic traits,it was detected that the plant height had the highest photoperiod sensitivity,followed by three pods number,available branches,nodes of main stem,seed weight per plant,one pod number,and four pods number.【Conclusion】Soybean is a short-day crop and is sensitive to photoperiod,plant height,available branches,nodes of main stem,three pods number and seed weight per plants,which indicated stable and strong photoperiod sensitivity.This could be used as evaluation indexes for soybean photoperiod sensitivity breeding.
作者
杨玉花
雷阳
白志元
卫保国
张瑞军
YANG Yu-hua;LEI Yang;BAI Zhi-yuan;WEI Bao-guo;ZHANG Rui-jun(Center for Agriculural Genetic Resources Research,Shanxi Agricultural University,Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Resources and Germ-plasm Enhancement on Loess Plateau,Ministry of Agriculture,Shanxi Key Laboratory of Genetic Resources and Genetic Improvement of Minor Crops,Shanxi Taiyuan 030031,China;Collge of Horticulture,Shanxi Agriculture University,Shanxi Taiyuan 030031,China)
出处
《西南农业学报》
CSCD
北大核心
2021年第2期250-257,共8页
Southwest China Journal of Agricultural Sciences
基金
国家重点研发计划项目(2016YFD0101500,2016YFD 0101504)
山西省面上青年基金(201901D211563)
山西省农业科学院博士后研究基金项目(YCX2020BH4)
山西省农业科学院博士研究基金项目(YBSJJ1706)。
关键词
大豆
开花前
光周期敏感性
农艺性状
Soybean
Pre-flowering
Photoperiodic sensitivity
Agronomic trait
