摘要
目的:探讨社区老年人社会参与的影响因素,在"护航模型"视角下构建提升老年人社会参与的护航模型。方法:2017年9月—2018年8月,便利选取河北省唐山市3个社区内850名老年人为研究对象,采用社会参与量表、一般情况调查表、自我感知老化问卷和心理幸福感问卷调查社区老年人社会参与情况及影响因素。结果:不同年龄、家庭结构、身体状况、家庭关怀度、社区功能、负性生活事件、积极感知老化、消极感知老化和心理幸福感的老年人社会参与得分比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);多元线性回归分析结果显示,家庭结构、身体状况、家庭关怀度、社区功能、负性生活事件、积极感知老化、消极感知老化和心理幸福感是老年人社会参与的影响因素(P<0.05);社区功能对老年人社会参与的直接作用最大,自我感知老化在心理幸福感对社会参与影响的间接作用较大,其间接通径系数为0.30。结论:影响老年人社会参与的因素有个人因素、家庭因素及社会因素,提升老年人社会参与水平,一方面需要提高老年人的身心健康水平,另一方面需要社会保障、社区建设等方面的支持。
Objective:To explore the factors affecting the social participation of the elderly in the community,and to construct a convoy model for enhancing the social participation of the elderly from a convoy model perspective.Methods:From September 2017 to August 2018,a total of 850 elderly people in 3 communities in Tangshan city,Hebei province,were selected as research subjects.Social Participation Scale,General Information Questionnaire,Aging Perceptions Questionnaire,and Psychological Well⁃Being Questionnaire were used to investigate the social participation and influencing factors of the elderly in the community.Results:There were statistically significant differences in the social participation scores of the elderly with different ages,family structure,physical conditions,family care,community function,negative life events,positive perception of aging,negative perception of aging and psychological well⁃being(P<0.01);The results of multiple linear regression analysis showed that family structure,physical condition,family care,community function,negative life events,positive perception of aging,negative perception of aging,and psychological well⁃being were the influencing factors of elderly social participation(P<0.05).Community function had the greatest direct effect on the social participation of the elderly.Self⁃perception of aging had a greater indirect effect on the total score of social participation through psychological well⁃being.And the the indirect path coefficient was 0.30.Conclusions:The factors affecting the social participation of the elderly involved personal,family,and social factors.To improve the level of social participation of the elderly,should be provided on the one hand,the levels of physical and mental health of the elderly need to be raised.On the other hand,support from social security and community construction should be provided.
作者
赵雅宁
刘瑶
韩影
许丽雅
齐丽娜
ZHAO Ya'ning;LIU Yao;HAN Ying;XU Liya;QI Li'na(North China University of Science and Technology,Hebei 063000 China)
出处
《护理研究》
北大核心
2021年第8期1424-1427,共4页
Chinese Nursing Research
基金
河北省社会科学基金项目,编号:HB17RK004。
关键词
社会参与
老年人
护航模型
提升路径
社区功能
social participation
elderly
convoy model
promotion path
community function
