摘要
在南疆枣园,设置了滴灌和漫灌两种灌溉方式、3种施氮量(102 kg/hm^(2)、204 kg/hm^(2)、306 kg/hm^(2))处理进行田间试验,通过测定各处理土壤总磷、有效磷及不同磷形态组分的含量,探讨了灌溉方式与氮肥施用量对土壤磷素形态组成及生物有效性的影响。结果表明:土壤总磷含量随滴灌土层深度的增加逐渐下降,而漫灌土层40 cm处的磷含量最高。滴灌处理的0~20 cm土壤有效磷含量显著高于漫灌;连续提取法测得的各处理生物活性磷占总磷的比例随土层深度增加逐渐降低,而滴灌有利于表层土壤生物活性磷的积累;漫灌土壤不同土层的NaHCO3-Po平均含量是滴灌的2.4~4.2倍,而滴灌处理的NaHCO3-Pi平均含量约为漫灌处理的2倍;生物活性磷含量随施氮量的增加而增加,氮肥施用量越高土壤中高生物活性磷含量越高。因此,滴灌和增施氮肥是提高磷素可利用性、降低磷流失风险的有效措施。
In order to find out the effect of different water management methods on the distribution and bioavailability of soil phosphorus(P),this study compared the distribution of total P(TP),available P(AP),and P fractions in an orchard soil between drip irrigation and flood irrigation,and discussed the effects of three nitrogen(N)application amounts(102,204,and 306 kg/hm^(2))on the contents of different fractions of P(H2O-P,NaHCO3-P,NaOH-P,HCl-P,and residual P)in southern Xinjiang.The results showed that the soil TP content under drip irrigation gradually decreased with soil depths.However,the P content under flood irrigation was the highest at the soil depth of 40 cm.The content of AP in the 0-20 cm soil layer under drip irrigation was significantly higher than that under flood irrigation.The percentage of bioactive P(H2O-P and NaHCO3-P)measured by continuous extraction method in total P gradually decreased with soil depths,and drip irrigation was beneficial to the accumulation of bioactive P in the topsoil.NaHCO3-P was the domain form of bioactive P in the soil under two irrigation methods.However,the average NaHCO3-Po content in flood irrigation soil was 2.4 and 4.2 times of that in drip irrigation soil,while the average NaHCO3-Pi content under drip irrigation was about twice of that under flood irrigation.The bioavailable P fraction increased with N application amounts.The input of N fertilizer increased the content of highly bioactive P,but decreased the contents of HCl-P and residual P in the soil.Therefore,drip irrigation and N application are the effective ways to improve P availability and reduce the risk of P loss.
作者
朱耀辉
罗仁杰
李发永
孙涛
ZHU Yao-hui;LUO Ren-jie;LI Fa-yong;SUN Tao(College of Water Resources and Architectural Engineering,Tarim University,Aral 843300,Xinjiang,China)
出处
《节水灌溉》
北大核心
2021年第4期41-47,共7页
Water Saving Irrigation
基金
国家自然科学基金资助项目(51569030)
大学生创新创业训练计划项目(107572017048)资助。
关键词
灌溉方式
施氮量
有效磷
磷素形态
有机磷
无机磷
irrigation method
N application
effective phosphorus
phosphorus form
organic phosphorus
inorganic phosphorus
