摘要
为获取乘客在地铁突发事件下对典型疏散行为的认知情况,以北京地区为例开展问卷调查,最终回收有效问卷397份。统计结果显示:乘客对地铁应急疏散知识存在一定程度的了解,但大多数乘客缺乏应急疏散经验和演练经历,在疏散措施选择方面与乘客年龄、学历存在相关性;超九成乘客会因地铁突发事件产生恐慌心理,且极易出现不听指挥、从众等不理性反应。在此基础上,对7种疏散行为下设的16项变量进行Spearman相关分析,发现相关系数在-0.15~0.39之间,大部分恐慌行为、自主疏散行为、从众行为、排他行为类指标相关性偏高,互助行为、返回行为、习惯行为类指标相关性较弱。进一步分析发现,不听指挥、排挤前方乘客、不帮助不适乘客、盲目跟随、失去判断、出口扎堆、通道从众、自主疏散8项变量间的相关系数在0.62~0.74之间,存在较强的正相关关系,且大多为不理性疏散行为。
In this study,a questionnaire survey was conducted among rail transit passengers in Beijing to obtain their cognition of typical evacuation behavior in subway emergencies.397 questionnaires were effectively collected.The statistical analysis results show that the passengers had a certain understanding of the subway emergency evacuation knowledge,but most of them were lack of emergency evacuation experience and drilling experience.Passengers′choice of safe evacuation measures in emergencies was influenced by their age and education background.Emergencies would bring panic to most passengers,and the first reaction of passengers was prone to irrational behavior,such as disobeying command.The study conducted Spearman correlation analysis on 16 variables under seven evacuation behaviors,and found that the correlation coefficient was-0.15~0.39.Most panic behaviors,autonomous evacuation behaviors,herd behaviors,and exclusive behaviors were highly correlated,the mutual assistance behavior,return behavior,and habit behavior indicators are relatively weakly correlated.Further analysis found that the correlation coefficients among the eight variables of not observing instructions,crowding out passengers in front,not helping uncomfortable passengers,blindly following,losing judgment,crowding at exits,channel herding,and autonomous evacuation are between 0.62 and 0.74,and there is a strong positive relevant relationships,and most of them are irrational evacuation behaviors.
作者
黄利华
王亚飞
马英楠
朱伟
钟茂华
周佩玲
HUANG Lihua;WANG Yafei;MA Yingnan;ZHU Wei;ZHONG Maohua;ZHOU Peiling(Beijing Research Center of Urban System Engineering,Beijing Academy of Science and Technology,Beijing 100035,China;不详)
出处
《武汉理工大学学报（信息与管理工程版）》
CAS
2021年第2期99-105,共7页
Journal of Wuhan University of Technology：Information & Management Engineering
基金
国家重点研发计划项目(2017YFC0804900)
北京市博士后工作经费资助项目(2020-22-095).
关键词
应急疏散
行为认知特性
Spearman相关分析
地铁
突发事件
emergency evacuation
behavioral cognitive characteristics
Spearman correlation analysis
subway station
emergencies
