摘要
锌是马铃薯生长必需的微量元素。本试验以马铃薯品种“天薯11号”为试材,研究了锌肥(EDTA-Zn)叶面喷施水平(0、4.5 kg·hm^(-2)、9.0 kg·hm^(-2))和拌种处理(1g(ZnSO_(4)·7H_(2)O)·kg^(-1)种薯、不拌种)及其互作对马铃薯生长发育、品质和产量的影响。结果表明:1g(ZnSO_(4)·7H_(2)O)·kg^(-1)种薯拌种的马铃薯开花期提前,成熟期推迟,延长了生育期天数;提高马铃薯单株产量、大中薯薯数和薯重比例,增加株高和主茎数,提高马铃薯干物质、淀粉、维生素C、锌含量和产量。叶面喷施锌肥4.5 kg·hm^(-2)和9.0 kg·hm^(-2)处理均可提高上述马铃薯生长发育经济特性、品质以及产量,且锌肥叶面喷施4.5 kg·hm^(-2)的效果更佳。锌肥拌种的马铃薯产量显著高于不拌种处理,拌种且叶面喷施锌肥4.5 kg·hm^(-2)时产量最高,达25104 kg·hm^(-2),增产幅度达4.83%~19.2%,与其他处理差异显著。1g(ZnSO_(4)·7H_(2)O)·kg-1(种薯)拌种、同时EDTA-Zn 4.5 kg·hm^(-2)叶面喷施,能在一定程度上促进该区马铃薯的生长发育,提高其品质和产量。
Zinc is an essential trace element for potato growth.Using potato variety“Tianshu11”,we studied the effects of foliar spraying(0,4.5,and 9.0 kg·hm^(-2)EDTA-Zn)and seed dressing(0 and 1 g(ZnSO_(4)·7H_(2)O)·kg^(-1) seeded potato)on potato growth,development and quality.The results showed that seed dressing(1 g(ZnSO_(4)·7H_(2)O)·kg^(-1) seeded potato)promotes early flowering but delayed maturity,which thus prolonged the growth period of potato.Seed dressing increased potato yield per plant,ratios of large and medium potato distribution of tuber number and tuber weight,plant height and main stem number,as well as dry matter,starch,vitamin C,Zn content and potato yields.Foliar spraying Zn fertilizer 4.5 and 9.0 kg·hm^(-2)improved the economic characteristics,yield and quality of potato,and 4.5 kg·hm^(-2)of Zn fertilizer was with better effect.The potato yield of zinc fertilizer seed dressing was significantly higher than that of no seed dressing.The highest yield was obtained by spraying 4.5 kg·hm^(-2)zinc fertilizer,reaching 25104 kg·hm^(-2),and the yield increased by 4.83%~19.2%,significantly different from other treatments.1 kg·hm^(-2)(seed dressing)and EDTA-Zn 4.5 kg·hm^(-2)spraying would promote the growth and development of potato and improve potato yield and quality in Dingxi,Gansu Province.
作者
代燕青
贾小霞
杨维俊
王兴政
DAI Yanqing;JIA Xiaoxia;YANG Weijun;WANG Xingzheng(Cash Crop Technology Promotion Station in Dingxi City,Dingxi 743000,China;Institute of Potato,Gansu Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Lanzhou 730070,China;Agricultural Technical and Popularization Center in Dingxi City,Dingxi 743000,China;Dingxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Dingxi 743000,China)
出处
《土壤与作物》
2021年第2期230-236,共7页
Soils and Crops
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(31560412).
关键词
马铃薯
锌肥
拌种
叶面喷施
产量
品质
potato
Zn fertilizer
seed dressing
foliar spraying
yield
quality
