摘要
量化树种叶片对大气颗粒物的吸滞能力可为筛选具有优良适应性的城市绿化树种提供理论依据。于2018年6月应用洗脱质量法对兰州市30种常见阔叶树种叶片吸滞不同粒径颗粒物质量进行分析。结果表明:30种树种在15 d内的叶片吸滞量为(11026.67±1533.90)~(35121.68±5930.69)μg,平均为(19723.44±1164.07)μg,树种间的吸滞能力差异显著,单叶最大与最小吸滞量之差达980倍;单位面积叶片吸滞量为(209.44±56.24)~(9828±2314.86)μg·cm^(-2),平均为(1618.97±359.93)μg·cm^(-2);不同树种对大气颗粒物表现出吸滞特异性,玉兰(Yulania denudate)、杜仲(Eucommia ulmoides)对粗颗粒物吸滞能力较强,火炬树(Rhus typhina)、小叶黄杨(Buxus sinica var.parvifolia)和紫叶小檗(Berberis thunbergii var.atropurpurea)对细颗粒物吸滞能力较强;指数衰减函数模型显示,随着叶片面积增大,单位面积吸滞粗、细颗粒物及总颗粒物能力呈先下降后稳定的趋势。根据各树种吸滞颗粒物能力及其与叶片面积的关系,可以对绿化树种进行合理配置,为城市绿化树种的科学选择提供参考。
Thirty common broad-leaved plants in Lanzhou were selected to compare the dust capturing capacity of different trees, and to select the greening tree species with excellent dust capturing capacity for reducing the degree of urban air pollution. Based on the elution mass method, the dust deposition per leaf, per unit leaf area and the proportion of coarse particulate matter, fine particulate matter of different tree species were determined. The adsorption capacity of greening tree species were significantly different, and the adsorption capacity of per leaf ranged in(11 026.67±1 533.90)-(35 121.67±5 930.70)μg, with an average of(19 723.44±1 164.07)μg. The adsorption capacity of per unit leaf area ranged in(209.45±56.24)-(9 828±2 314.86)μg·cm^(-2), with an average of(1 618.97±359.93)μg·cm^(-2). When the absorption per unit area was used as the measurement index, the absorption of shrub species were significantly greater than that of trees, with a maximum difference of 980 times. On the whole, the Yulania denudate and Eucommia ulmoides exhibited stronger ability to acquire coarse particulate matter, and Rhus typhina, Buxus sinica var. Parvifolia and Berberis thunbergii var. atropurpurea exhibited stronger ability to acquire fine particulate matter. With the increase of leaf area, the absorption of fine and coarse and the total amount of dust in the per unit leaf area first decreased and then stabilized. According to the characteristics of fine particulate matter adsorbed by greening tree species and their relationship with leaf area, the reasonable allocation of greening tree species should be carried out to give full play to the ecological service function of urban greening space system and provide reference for the scientific selection of urban greening tree species.
作者
杨克彤
陈国鹏
李广
汤东
张凯
Yang Ketong;Chen Guopeng;Li Guang;Tang Dong;Zhang Kai(Gansu Agricultural University,Lanzhou 730070,P.R.China)
出处
《东北林业大学学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2021年第5期84-89,共6页
Journal of Northeast Forestry University
基金
甘肃省高校教师基本科研能力提升项目(2017A-032)
甘肃农业大学专项基金项目(GSAU-STS-1734、GSAU-RCZX201708、GAU-XKJS-2018-097)
全国和甘肃省大学生创新创业训练计划项目(201710733052、2017-500)。
关键词
半干旱区
大气颗粒物
绿化树种
滞尘能力
叶片吸滞量
指数衰减函数
Semi-arid area
Atmospheric particulate matter
Urban greening trees
Dust absorption capacity
Leaf dust deposition amount
Exponential decay curve
