摘要
2015年试点、2016年全国范围推广实施的农业补贴政策"三补合一"改革初见成效。此次改革的动因是实现从"普惠制"到"精准制"的补贴方向改革、从"黄箱补贴"到"绿箱补贴"的补贴形式改革以及提高资金投放效率的补贴效果改革。改革的内在机理是通过补贴对象改革来降低耕地的边际成本、通过补贴金额和补贴时间的合并统一来提高资金投放效率、通过明确补贴范围来降低农地抛荒率。推进"三补合一"改革仍存在土地出租者通过提高地租变相转移补贴、相关部门补贴发放时间延迟、荒地复垦的补贴金额不足以刺激农民复垦等潜在问题。因此,应加强对土地流转市场的监管与控制,逐步提高补贴金额发放时效的要求,适当提高荒地复垦的补贴力度。
The reform of agricultural subsidy policy which piloted in 2015 and popularized nationwide in 2016 has won initial success.The motivation of the reform is to achieve reformation of the policy with respect to direction,form and effectiveness through the transformation from inclusive,amber-box,low efficient to accurate,green-box and high efficient subsidy respectively.The mechanisms of it are lowering the marginal cost of farmlands and the rate of land-desertion by switching objects and specifying the range of subsidies in several,and improving efficiency of capital investment via the combination of the amount and time of subsidies.However,some potential problems still exist,including disguised transition of subsidies in the way of increasing rents,delayed distribution of funds,inability of incentivizing reclamation of wastelands due to insufficient amount of money,etc.So we should enhance the supervision and control of the market of land circulation,raise requirements of gradually elevating the amount of subsidy and increase subsidy on reclamation appropriately.
作者
李鎏
蔡键
林晓珊
LI Liu;CAI Jian;LIN Xiao-shan(College of Economics and Management,South China Agricultural University,Guangzhou 510642,China;School of Economics and Statistics,Guangzhou University,Guangzhou 510006,China)
出处
《经济体制改革》
CSSCI
北大核心
2021年第3期80-85,共6页
Reform of Economic System
基金
国家社会科学基金重大项目“乡村振兴与深化农村土地制度改革研究”(19ZDA115)
广东省软科学项目“‘智慧平台+乡村治理’:融合机理与广东模式”(2020A1010020028)
广东省教育科学“十三五”规划2019年度高校哲学社会科学专项研究项目“习近平乡村振兴思想与加快改变广东农村落后面貌的实践研究”(2019GXJK033)
广东省财政专项资金项目“普惠金融与三农经济研究”(GDZXZJSCAU202054)
农业农村部农村经济研究中心委托项目“我国农业补贴制度改革的关键环节和重点领域研究(201601)”。
关键词
农业补贴政策
地力保护
适度规模
作用机理
agricultural subsidy policy
soil protection
moderate scale
mechanism
