摘要
目的了解活跃于微信的居民减盐相关知识、意愿及行为情况。方法于2019年通过微信公众平台开展为期2个月的盐相关调查,对2206份有效问卷进行统计分析,比较不同性别、年龄等调查对象盐相关知识、意愿及行为情况差别。结果仅有25.11%的人知晓挂面、面包、饼干、芝士、冰淇凌均含有隐藏盐,63.51%的人知晓酱油、蚝油、豆瓣酱、味精均应少吃。42.20%的人知晓健康成年人每天食盐摄入量不超过5 g。有97.60%的人知晓吃盐过多可能增加高血压的风险。87.99%的人有意愿减少家庭烹饪用盐量。使用定量盐勺、要求餐馆少放盐、阅读营养成分表中钠含量、选择"钠"含量低食品的人群比例均≤45%。女性知晓挂面、芝士含盐和蚝油、味精应少吃,要求餐馆少放盐比例高于男性(P<0.05)。高血压患者知晓芝士含盐及蚝油、味精应少吃的比例低于非高血压者(P<0.05),其经常食用榨菜、咸菜和酱制食品比例接近非高血压者2倍。盐摄入量标准选择≤6 g人群使用定量盐勺、要求餐馆少放盐、阅读营养标签钠含量、选择低盐食品和经常使用低钠盐比例高于其他人群(P<0.05)。结论微信居民盐相关知识水平和减盐行为有待提高,尤其是男性和高血压患者。
Objective To explore the status of salt-related knowledge,willingness and behaviors among residents through WeChat public platform.Methods A 2-month online survey about salt-related knowledge,willingness and behaviors was conducted through the official WeChat public platform.The salt-related knowledge,willingness and behaviors in different gender,age group,education level,and disease status were compared.Results Most of participants in this survey were women,31 years old and above,or bachelor degree.Only 554(25%)persons knew that noodles,bread,biscuits,cheese,and ice cream all contain salt,and 1401(64%)knew soy sauce,oyster sauce,bean paste,Monosodium Glutamate(MSG)should be eaten less.931(42%)participants believed that the daily salt intake for healthy adults should not exceed 5 g,and other participants(904,41%)believed that it should not exceed 6 g.98%,85%,and 77%of participants knew that eating too much salt may increase high blood pressure,heart disease,and stroke.52%of participants selfreported that their salt-related taste were moderate.88%of participants expressed their willingness to reduce the amount of salt used in home cooking.The proportion of participants with salt reduction behaviors included using quantitative salt spoon,requesting restaurants to put less salt,reading the sodium content in the nutritional composition table,and choosing foods with low"sodium"content were all less than 45%.The proportion of people who often ate high-salt condiments,processed foods and canned foods,mustard,pickles,and sauce-based foods were 27%,3%,12%,respectively.The proportion of women who knew that noodles and cheese contain salt,oyster sauce and MSG should be eaten less and requested restaurants to put less salt was higher than those of men(P<0.05).The awareness level of salt-related knowledge and the proportion of salt-reducing behaviors in participants who were willing to reduce salt use in household cooking were significantly higher than those of participants without willingness.The proportion of people with hypertension who knew that cheese contain salt,oyster sauce and MSG should be eaten less was significantly lower than those of non-hypertension patients,but the proportion of who often ate mustard,pickles and soy-based foods was almost 2 times higher than those of non-hypertensive patients.The proportion of participants that chose-6 g(included 2 g,4 g,5 g and 6 g)of"standard of daily salt intake for healthy adults"with salt reduction behaviors such as using quantitative salt spoons,requiring restaurants to put less salt,reading nutrition labels for sodium content,choosing low-salt foods and frequent use of low-sodium salt were significantly higher than other groups(P<0.05).Conclusion The status of salt-related knowledge and salt reduction behaviors of participants from WeChat platform still need to be further improved,especially for men and hypertension patients.
作者
杨一兵
王静雷
马吉祥
石文惠
YANG Yi-bing;WANG Jing-lei;MA Ji-xiang;SHI Wen-hui(Office of Non-Communicable Disease and Aging Health Management,Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Beijing 102206,China)
出处
《中国健康教育》
北大核心
2021年第5期397-401,共5页
Chinese Journal of Health Education
基金
中国疾控中心慢病防控与控烟项目(131031001000190010)
中国疾控中心Resolve减盐项目(06231)。
关键词
减盐
生活方式
知识
意愿
行为
Salt Reduction
Lifestyle
Knowledge
Willingness
Behavior
